A chromosome-based draft sequence of the hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome

Adam J. Lukaszewski, Adriana Alberti, Andrew Sharpe, Andrzej Kilian, Antonio Michele Stanca, Beat Keller, Bernardo J. Clavijo, Bernd Friebe, Bikram Gill, Brande Wulff, Brett Chapman, Burkhard Steuernagel, Catherine Feuillet, Claire Viseux, Curtis Pozniak, Daniel S. Rokhsar, Darrin Klassen, David Edwards, Eduard Akhunov, Etienne PauxFrançoise Alfama, Frédéric Choulet, Fuminori Kobayashi, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Hadi Quesneville, Hana Šimková, Hélène Rimbert, Heidrun Gundlach, Hikmet Budak, Hiroaki Sakai, Hirokazu Handa, Hiroyuki Kanamori, Jacqueline Batley, Jan Vrána, Jane Rogers, Jarmila Číhalíková, Jaroslav Doležel, Jarrod Chapman, Jesse A. Poland, Jianzhong Wu, Jitendra Khurana, Jonathan Wright, Kai Christian Bader, Kellye Eversole, Kerrie Barry, Kirsten McLay, Klaus F X Mayer, Kuldeep Singh, Leah Clissold, Lise Pingault, Loïc Couderc, Luigi Cattivelli, Manuel Spannagl, Marie Kubaláková, Mario Caccamo, Martin Mascher, Matthew Bellgard, Matthias Pfeifer, Matthias Zytnicki, Melanie Febrer, Michael Alaux, Mihaela M. Martis, Mikaël Loaec, Moreno Colaiacovo, Nagendra K. Singh, Natasha Glover, Nicolas Guilhot, Nils Stein, Odd Arne Olsen, P. Ron Maclachlan, Parveen Chhuneja, Patrick Wincker, Pierre Sourdille, Primetta Faccioli, Ricardo H. Ramirez-Gonzalez, Robbie Waugh, Romana Šperková, Ron Knox, Rudi Appels, Sapna Sharma, Sarah Ayling, Sebastien Praud, Shichen Wang, Sigbjørn Lien, Simen Rød Sandve, Takashi Matsumoto, Takashi R. Endo, Takeshi Itoh, Thomas Nussbaumer, Thomas Wicker, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Uwe Scholz, Valérie Barbe, Véronique Jamilloux, Yasunari Ogihara, Zdeňka Dubská

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1273 Scopus citations

Abstract

An ordered draft sequence of the 17-gigabase hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome has been produced by sequencing isolated chromosome arms. We have annotated 124,201 gene loci distributed nearly evenly across the homeologous chromosomes and subgenomes. Comparative gene analysis of wheat subgenomes and extant diploid and tetraploid wheat relatives showed that high sequence similarity and structural conservation are retained, with limited gene loss, after polyploidization. However, across the genomes there was evidence of dynamic gene gain, loss, and duplication since the divergence of the wheat lineages. A high degree of transcriptional autonomy and no global dominance was found for the subgenomes. These insights into the genome biology of a polyploid crop provide a springboard for faster gene isolation, rapid genetic marker development, and precise breeding to meet the needs of increasing food demand worldwide.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number1251788
JournalScience
Volume345
Issue number6194
DOIs
StatePublished - 2014

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