Abstract
The distribution of the local average power at a mobile is usually considered to be lognormal in terrestrial and satellite channels. However, the mathematical form of the lognormal distribution is not convenient for analytic calculations. In this paper, we show the utility of the gamma distribution for shadow fading, in both terrestrial and satellite channels, using empirical data. Furthermore, we show that the application of the gamma model of shadow fading results in closed-form and mathematically-tractable solutions for key system performance measures such as the average symbol error rate of different modulations with a variety of diversity combining techniques.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 5739088 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1428-1434 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 2011 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Manuscript received March 2, 2010; revised October 1, 2010; accepted January 11, 2011. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was G. Durgin. This work was presented at the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Houston, TX, 1999, and Atlantic City, NJ, 2001. It was supported in part by the NSF, under the Wireless Initiative Program, Grant #9979443. A. Abdi is with the Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA (ali.abdi@njit.edu). M. Kaveh is with the Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Eng., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TWC.2011.031611.100309
Keywords
- Shadow fading
- fading channels
- gamma distribution
- large-scale fading
- lognormal distribution
- performance analysis
- shadowing