A Systematic Review of Universal Screeners Used to Evaluate Social-Emotional and Behavioral Aspects of Kindergarten Readiness

Research Findings: Universal screening practices that utilize reliable and valid screening measures are vital for identifying social-emotional and behavioral (SEB) concerns for students at-risk for future behavioral and academic difficulties. Screening procedures implemented at the start of kindergarten can result in early identification and intervention for students with SEB difficulties. However, few studies have systematically identified and reviewed screeners of SEB constructs of kindergarten readiness. The current study systematically identified and reviewed the psychometric properties of 11 rating scales that may be used as screeners of SEB difficulties at kindergarten entry in the United States. In addition, this study evaluated bias identification methods to determine the extent to which scales may be used with diverse populations. Results of this study demonstrated adequate to strong reliability evidence and inadequate validity and bias evaluation evidence. Practice or Policy: Results of this study can be used by school personnel as they work to identify universal screening rating scales that are most appropriate in their setting. In addition, this study identified significant gaps in the current landscape of SEB assessments for universal screening measures that may be addressed through future research efforts.