TY - JOUR
T1 - Activating mutations of N- and K-ras in multiple myeloma show different clinical associations
T2 - Analysis of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase III trial
AU - Liu, Pocheng
AU - Leong, Traci
AU - Quam, Lynn
AU - Billadeau, Daniel
AU - Kay, Neil E.
AU - Greipp, Philip
AU - Kyle, Robert A.
AU - Oken, Martin M.
AU - Van Ness, Brian
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1996/10/1
Y1 - 1996/10/1
N2 - Mutations of members of the ras family are among the most common oncogene mutations found in multiple myeloma (MM). We have examined the mutational status of the N-and K-ras genes at codons 12, 13, and 61 in 160 newly diagnosed MM patients enrolled on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) phase III clinical trial E9486. The total incidence of ras mutations was found to be 39% of the samples analyzed. Five patients showed evidence of more than one mutation. We obtained 22 marrow samples from patients at the time of disease progression or relapse, for whom a ras mutation was identified at diagnosis. In all cases, the ras mutation of the disease progression sample was identical to that found at diagnosis. In contrast, three of 25 patients who did not show any ras mutation at diagnosis acquired a ras mutation at the time of disease progression. No significant association was observed between any ras mutation and stage of disease, β2- microglobulin levels, labeling index, or protein type. The mean tumor burden and median survival for patients with mutations of N-ras was indistinguishable from patients with no res mutations. However, patients with K-ras mutations had a significantly higher mean bone marrow tumor burden at diagnosis than patients with no ras mutations (57% v 36%, P < .02); and the median survival of patients with a K-ras mutation was significantly shorter (2.0 v 3.7 years, P < .02). To determine if the status of ras mutations could affect treatment response, we examined patient survival on the three treatment arms of E9486. Although the presence of a ras mutation in the multidrug treatment, VBMCP alone, showed a marginal significance, neither the VBMCP, nor the addition of interferon-α showed statistically significant survival differences between mutant and wildtype ras status. Interestingly, there appeared to be a statistically significant difference in survival of patients treated with VBMCP and alternating high doses of cyclophosphamide + prednisone. Patients with ras mutations had a median survival of 2.1 years; patients with wildtype ras had a median survival of 4.0 years (P < .01).
AB - Mutations of members of the ras family are among the most common oncogene mutations found in multiple myeloma (MM). We have examined the mutational status of the N-and K-ras genes at codons 12, 13, and 61 in 160 newly diagnosed MM patients enrolled on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) phase III clinical trial E9486. The total incidence of ras mutations was found to be 39% of the samples analyzed. Five patients showed evidence of more than one mutation. We obtained 22 marrow samples from patients at the time of disease progression or relapse, for whom a ras mutation was identified at diagnosis. In all cases, the ras mutation of the disease progression sample was identical to that found at diagnosis. In contrast, three of 25 patients who did not show any ras mutation at diagnosis acquired a ras mutation at the time of disease progression. No significant association was observed between any ras mutation and stage of disease, β2- microglobulin levels, labeling index, or protein type. The mean tumor burden and median survival for patients with mutations of N-ras was indistinguishable from patients with no res mutations. However, patients with K-ras mutations had a significantly higher mean bone marrow tumor burden at diagnosis than patients with no ras mutations (57% v 36%, P < .02); and the median survival of patients with a K-ras mutation was significantly shorter (2.0 v 3.7 years, P < .02). To determine if the status of ras mutations could affect treatment response, we examined patient survival on the three treatment arms of E9486. Although the presence of a ras mutation in the multidrug treatment, VBMCP alone, showed a marginal significance, neither the VBMCP, nor the addition of interferon-α showed statistically significant survival differences between mutant and wildtype ras status. Interestingly, there appeared to be a statistically significant difference in survival of patients treated with VBMCP and alternating high doses of cyclophosphamide + prednisone. Patients with ras mutations had a median survival of 2.1 years; patients with wildtype ras had a median survival of 4.0 years (P < .01).
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U2 - 10.1182/blood.v88.7.2699.bloodjournal8872699
DO - 10.1182/blood.v88.7.2699.bloodjournal8872699
M3 - Article
C2 - 8839865
AN - SCOPUS:0029819604
SN - 0006-4971
VL - 88
SP - 2699
EP - 2706
JO - Blood
JF - Blood
IS - 7
ER -