Acute Kidney Injury and Sepsis

Background: Worldwide, both acute kidney injury (AKI) and sepsis are significant clinical complications, particularly in critical care patients. Sepsis is an important cause of AKI, and AKI is a common complication of sepsis. Methods: We reviewed the literature, including current practice guidelines, on sepsis-associated AKI. Results: We assessed causes of renal failure, potential mechanisms of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury, current practice guidelines, diagnostic criteria and methods, prevention strategies, treatment options, and outcomes. Conclusion: In patients with sepsis-associated AKI, appropriate fluid resuscitation and maintenance of blood pressure are important to prevent further kidney damage. Despite multiple clinical trials, the mechanisms of sepsis-associated AKI and the best treatment options remain unclear.