Abstract
Prospective data on environmental exposures, especially with respect to alcohol, tobacco, and diet, in relation to the risk of esophageal cancer in high-risk populations are sparse. We analyzed data from a population-based cohort of 18,244 middle-aged and older men in Shanghai to identify risk factors for esophageal cancer in this high-risk population. The cohort was followed through 2006, and 101 incident esophageal cancer cases were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between exposures and esophageal cancer risk. With adjustment for tobacco use and other potential confounders, regular drinkers vs. nondrinkers of alcoholic beverages had a twofold risk of developing esophageal cancer (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.31-3.12). With adjustment for alcohol and other potential confounders, long-term smokers (40+ yr) vs. nonsmokers of cigarettes showed a twofold risk of developing esophageal cancer (HR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.11-3.82). Increased consumption of fruits (including oranges/tangerines), seafood, and milk were found to be protective against the development of esophageal cancer; HRs were decreased by 40-60% for high vs. low consumers after adjustment for cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and other confounders.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 354-363 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Nutrition and Cancer |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 2008 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We thank Ms. Xue-Li Wang, Ms. Yue-Lan Zhang, and Ms. Jia-Rong Cheng of the Shanghai Cancer Institute for their assistance in data collection and management and the staff of the Shanghai Cancer Registry for their assistance in verifying cancer diagnoses in study subjects. This work was supported by the United States National Institutes of Health (Grant R01 CA43092).
