TY - JOUR
T1 - An approach to predict risks to wildlife populations from mercury and other stressors
AU - Nacci, Diane
AU - Pelletier, Marguerite
AU - Lake, Jim
AU - Bennett, Rick
AU - Nichols, John
AU - Haebler, Romona
AU - Grear, Jason
AU - Kuhn, Anne
AU - Copeland, Jane
AU - Nicholson, Matthew
AU - Walters, Steven
AU - Munns, Wayne R.
PY - 2005/3
Y1 - 2005/3
N2 - Ecological risk assessments for mercury (Hg) require measured and modeled information on exposure and effects. While most of this special issue focuses on the former, i.e., distribution and fate of Hg within aquatic food webs, this paper describes an approach to predict the effects of dietary methylmercury (CH3Hg) on populations of piscivorous birds. To demonstrate this approach, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA NHEERL) is working cooperatively with environmental and conservation organizations to develop models to predict CH3Hg effects on populations of the common loon, Gavia immer. Specifically, a biologically-based toxicokinetic model is being used to extrapolate CH3Hg effects on the reproduction of a tested bird species, the American kestrel (Falco sparverius), to the loon. Population models are being used to incorporate stressor effects on survival and reproduction into projections of loon population effects. Finally, habitat and spatially-explicit population models are being used to project results spatially, assess the relative importance of CH3Hg and non-chemical stressors, and produce testable predictions of the effects of biologically-available Hg on loon populations. This stepwise process provides an integrated approach to estimate the impact on wildlife populations of regulations that limit atmospherically-distributed Hg, and to develop risk-based population-level regulatory criteria.
AB - Ecological risk assessments for mercury (Hg) require measured and modeled information on exposure and effects. While most of this special issue focuses on the former, i.e., distribution and fate of Hg within aquatic food webs, this paper describes an approach to predict the effects of dietary methylmercury (CH3Hg) on populations of piscivorous birds. To demonstrate this approach, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA NHEERL) is working cooperatively with environmental and conservation organizations to develop models to predict CH3Hg effects on populations of the common loon, Gavia immer. Specifically, a biologically-based toxicokinetic model is being used to extrapolate CH3Hg effects on the reproduction of a tested bird species, the American kestrel (Falco sparverius), to the loon. Population models are being used to incorporate stressor effects on survival and reproduction into projections of loon population effects. Finally, habitat and spatially-explicit population models are being used to project results spatially, assess the relative importance of CH3Hg and non-chemical stressors, and produce testable predictions of the effects of biologically-available Hg on loon populations. This stepwise process provides an integrated approach to estimate the impact on wildlife populations of regulations that limit atmospherically-distributed Hg, and to develop risk-based population-level regulatory criteria.
KW - Ecological risk assessment
KW - Environmental protection-conservation partnerships
KW - Land use changes
KW - Mercury effects
KW - Wildlife populations
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U2 - 10.1007/s10646-004-6275-9
DO - 10.1007/s10646-004-6275-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 15931973
AN - SCOPUS:20144387583
SN - 0963-9292
VL - 14
SP - 283
EP - 293
JO - Ecotoxicology
JF - Ecotoxicology
IS - 1-2
ER -