An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex

April S. Dalton; Martin Margold; Chris R. Stokes; Lev Tarasov; Arthur S. Dyke; Roberta S. Adams; Serge Allard; Heather E. Arends; Nigel Atkinson; John W. Attig; Peter J. Barnett; Robert L. Barnett; Martin Batterson; Pascal Bernatchez; Harold W. Borns; Andy Breckenridge; Jason P. Briner; Etienne Brouard; Janet E. Campbell; Anders E. Carlson; John J. Clague; B. Brandon Curry; Robert André Daigneault; Hugo Dubé-Loubert; Don J. Easterbrook; David A. Franzi; Hannah G. Friedrich; Svend Funder; Michelle S. Gauthier; Angela S. Gowan; Ken L. Harris; Bernard Hétu; Tom S. Hooyer; Carrie E. Jennings; Mark D. Johnson; Alan E. Kehew; Samuel E. Kelley; Daniel Kerr; Edward L. King; Kristian K. Kjeldsen; Alan R. Knaeble; Patrick Lajeunesse; Thomas R. Lakeman; Michel Lamothe; Phillip Larson; Martin Lavoie; Henry M. Loope; Thomas V. Lowell; Barbara A. Lusardi; Lorraine Manz; Isabelle McMartin; F. Chantel Nixon; Serge Occhietti; Michael A. Parkhill; David J.W. Piper; Antonius G. Pronk; Pierre J.H. Richard; John C. Ridge; Martin Ross; Martin Roy; Allen Seaman; John Shaw; Rudolph R. Stea; James T. Teller; Woodrow B. Thompson; L. Harvey Thorleifson; Daniel J. Utting; Jean J. Veillette; Brent C. Ward; Thomas K. Weddle; Herbert E. Wright

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex

April S. Dalton, Martin Margold, Chris R. Stokes, Lev Tarasov, Arthur S. Dyke, Roberta S. Adams, Serge Allard, Heather E. Arends, Nigel Atkinson, John W. Attig, Peter J. Barnett, Robert L. Barnett, Martin Batterson, Pascal Bernatchez, Harold W. Borns, Andy Breckenridge, Jason P. Briner, Etienne Brouard, Janet E. Campbell, Anders E. CarlsonJohn J. Clague, B. Brandon Curry, Robert André Daigneault, Hugo Dubé-Loubert, Don J. Easterbrook, David A. Franzi, Hannah G. Friedrich, Svend Funder, Michelle S. Gauthier, Angela S. Gowan, Ken L. Harris, Bernard Hétu, Tom S. Hooyer, Carrie E. Jennings, Mark D. Johnson, Alan E. Kehew, Samuel E. Kelley, Daniel Kerr, Edward L. King, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Alan R. Knaeble, Patrick Lajeunesse, Thomas R. Lakeman, Michel Lamothe, Phillip Larson, Martin Lavoie, Henry M. Loope, Thomas V. Lowell, Barbara A. Lusardi, Lorraine Manz, Isabelle McMartin, F. Chantel Nixon, Serge Occhietti, Michael A. Parkhill, David J.W. Piper, Antonius G. Pronk, Pierre J.H. Richard, John C. Ridge, Martin Ross, Martin Roy, Allen Seaman, John Shaw, Rudolph R. Stea, James T. Teller, Woodrow B. Thompson, L. Harvey Thorleifson, Daniel J. Utting, Jean J. Veillette, Brent C. Ward, Thomas K. Weddle, Herbert E. Wright

Minnesota Geological Survey

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

197 Scopus citations

Abstract

The North American Ice Sheet Complex (NAISC; consisting of the Laurentide, Cordilleran and Innuitian ice sheets) was the largest ice mass to repeatedly grow and decay in the Northern Hemisphere during the Quaternary. Understanding its pattern of retreat following the Last Glacial Maximum is critical for studying many facets of the Late Quaternary, including ice sheet behaviour, the evolution of Holocene landscapes, sea level, atmospheric circulation, and the peopling of the Americas. Currently, the most up-to-date and authoritative margin chronology for the entire ice sheet complex is featured in two publications (Geological Survey of Canada Open File 1574 [Dyke et al., 2003]; ‘Quaternary Glaciations – Extent and Chronology, Part II’ [Dyke, 2004]). These often-cited datasets track ice margin recession in 36 time slices spanning 18 ka to 1 ka (all ages in uncalibrated radiocarbon years) using a combination of geomorphology, stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. However, by virtue of being over 15 years old, the ice margin chronology requires updating to reflect new work and important revisions. This paper updates the aforementioned 36 ice margin maps to reflect new data from regional studies. We also update the original radiocarbon dataset from the 2003/2004 papers with 1541 new ages to reflect work up to and including 2018. A major revision is made to the 18 ka ice margin, where Banks and Eglinton islands (once considered to be glacial refugia) are now shown to be fully glaciated. Our updated 18 ka ice sheet increased in areal extent from 17.81 to 18.37 million km², which is an increase of 3.1% in spatial coverage of the NAISC at that time. Elsewhere, we also summarize, region-by-region, significant changes to the deglaciation sequence. This paper integrates new information provided by regional experts and radiocarbon data into the deglaciation sequence while maintaining consistency with the original ice margin positions of Dyke et al. (2003) and Dyke (2004) where new information is lacking; this is a pragmatic solution to satisfy the needs of a Quaternary research community that requires up-to-date knowledge of the pattern of ice margin recession of what was once the world's largest ice mass. The 36 updated isochrones are available in PDF and shapefile format, together with a spreadsheet of the expanded radiocarbon dataset (n = 5195 ages) and estimates of uncertainty for each interval.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	106223
Journal	Quaternary Science Reviews
Volume	234
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223
State	Published - Apr 15 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

Glaciation
Ice margin chronology
North America
Quaternary
Radiocarbon

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10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

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Dalton, A. S., Margold, M., Stokes, C. R., Tarasov, L., Dyke, A. S., Adams, R. S., Allard, S., Arends, H. E., Atkinson, N., Attig, J. W., Barnett, P. J., Barnett, R. L., Batterson, M., Bernatchez, P., Borns, H. W., Breckenridge, A., Briner, J. P., Brouard, E., Campbell, J. E., ... Wright, H. E. (2020). An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex. Quaternary Science Reviews, 234, Article 106223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

Dalton, AS, Margold, M, Stokes, CR, Tarasov, L, Dyke, AS, Adams, RS, Allard, S, Arends, HE, Atkinson, N, Attig, JW, Barnett, PJ, Barnett, RL, Batterson, M, Bernatchez, P, Borns, HW, Breckenridge, A, Briner, JP, Brouard, E, Campbell, JE, Carlson, AE, Clague, JJ, Curry, BB, Daigneault, RA, Dubé-Loubert, H, Easterbrook, DJ, Franzi, DA, Friedrich, HG, Funder, S, Gauthier, MS, Gowan, AS, Harris, KL, Hétu, B, Hooyer, TS, Jennings, CE, Johnson, MD, Kehew, AE, Kelley, SE, Kerr, D, King, EL, Kjeldsen, KK, Knaeble, AR, Lajeunesse, P, Lakeman, TR, Lamothe, M, Larson, P, Lavoie, M, Loope, HM, Lowell, TV, Lusardi, BA, Manz, L, McMartin, I, Nixon, FC, Occhietti, S, Parkhill, MA, Piper, DJW, Pronk, AG, Richard, PJH, Ridge, JC, Ross, M, Roy, M, Seaman, A, Shaw, J, Stea, RR, Teller, JT, Thompson, WB, Thorleifson, LH, Utting, DJ, Veillette, JJ, Ward, BC, Weddle, TK & Wright, HE 2020, 'An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex', Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 234, 106223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

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abstract = "The North American Ice Sheet Complex (NAISC; consisting of the Laurentide, Cordilleran and Innuitian ice sheets) was the largest ice mass to repeatedly grow and decay in the Northern Hemisphere during the Quaternary. Understanding its pattern of retreat following the Last Glacial Maximum is critical for studying many facets of the Late Quaternary, including ice sheet behaviour, the evolution of Holocene landscapes, sea level, atmospheric circulation, and the peopling of the Americas. Currently, the most up-to-date and authoritative margin chronology for the entire ice sheet complex is featured in two publications (Geological Survey of Canada Open File 1574 [Dyke et al., 2003]; {\textquoteleft}Quaternary Glaciations – Extent and Chronology, Part II{\textquoteright} [Dyke, 2004]). These often-cited datasets track ice margin recession in 36 time slices spanning 18 ka to 1 ka (all ages in uncalibrated radiocarbon years) using a combination of geomorphology, stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. However, by virtue of being over 15 years old, the ice margin chronology requires updating to reflect new work and important revisions. This paper updates the aforementioned 36 ice margin maps to reflect new data from regional studies. We also update the original radiocarbon dataset from the 2003/2004 papers with 1541 new ages to reflect work up to and including 2018. A major revision is made to the 18 ka ice margin, where Banks and Eglinton islands (once considered to be glacial refugia) are now shown to be fully glaciated. Our updated 18 ka ice sheet increased in areal extent from 17.81 to 18.37 million km2, which is an increase of 3.1% in spatial coverage of the NAISC at that time. Elsewhere, we also summarize, region-by-region, significant changes to the deglaciation sequence. This paper integrates new information provided by regional experts and radiocarbon data into the deglaciation sequence while maintaining consistency with the original ice margin positions of Dyke et al. (2003) and Dyke (2004) where new information is lacking; this is a pragmatic solution to satisfy the needs of a Quaternary research community that requires up-to-date knowledge of the pattern of ice margin recession of what was once the world's largest ice mass. The 36 updated isochrones are available in PDF and shapefile format, together with a spreadsheet of the expanded radiocarbon dataset (n = 5195 ages) and estimates of uncertainty for each interval.",

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author = "Dalton, {April S.} and Martin Margold and Stokes, {Chris R.} and Lev Tarasov and Dyke, {Arthur S.} and Adams, {Roberta S.} and Serge Allard and Arends, {Heather E.} and Nigel Atkinson and Attig, {John W.} and Barnett, {Peter J.} and Barnett, {Robert L.} and Martin Batterson and Pascal Bernatchez and Borns, {Harold W.} and Andy Breckenridge and Briner, {Jason P.} and Etienne Brouard and Campbell, {Janet E.} and Carlson, {Anders E.} and Clague, {John J.} and Curry, {B. Brandon} and Daigneault, {Robert Andr{\'e}} and Hugo Dub{\'e}-Loubert and Easterbrook, {Don J.} and Franzi, {David A.} and Friedrich, {Hannah G.} and Svend Funder and Gauthier, {Michelle S.} and Gowan, {Angela S.} and Harris, {Ken L.} and Bernard H{\'e}tu and Hooyer, {Tom S.} and Jennings, {Carrie E.} and Johnson, {Mark D.} and Kehew, {Alan E.} and Kelley, {Samuel E.} and Daniel Kerr and King, {Edward L.} and Kjeldsen, {Kristian K.} and Knaeble, {Alan R.} and Patrick Lajeunesse and Lakeman, {Thomas R.} and Michel Lamothe and Phillip Larson and Martin Lavoie and Loope, {Henry M.} and Lowell, {Thomas V.} and Lusardi, {Barbara A.} and Lorraine Manz and Isabelle McMartin and Nixon, {F. Chantel} and Serge Occhietti and Parkhill, {Michael A.} and Piper, {David J.W.} and Pronk, {Antonius G.} and Richard, {Pierre J.H.} and Ridge, {John C.} and Martin Ross and Martin Roy and Allen Seaman and John Shaw and Stea, {Rudolph R.} and Teller, {James T.} and Thompson, {Woodrow B.} and Thorleifson, {L. Harvey} and Utting, {Daniel J.} and Veillette, {Jean J.} and Ward, {Brent C.} and Weddle, {Thomas K.} and Wright, {Herbert E.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",

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month = apr,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "234",

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T1 - An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex

AU - Dalton, April S.

AU - Margold, Martin

AU - Stokes, Chris R.

AU - Tarasov, Lev

AU - Dyke, Arthur S.

AU - Adams, Roberta S.

AU - Allard, Serge

AU - Arends, Heather E.

AU - Atkinson, Nigel

AU - Attig, John W.

AU - Barnett, Peter J.

AU - Barnett, Robert L.

AU - Batterson, Martin

AU - Bernatchez, Pascal

AU - Borns, Harold W.

AU - Breckenridge, Andy

AU - Briner, Jason P.

AU - Brouard, Etienne

AU - Campbell, Janet E.

AU - Carlson, Anders E.

AU - Clague, John J.

AU - Curry, B. Brandon

AU - Daigneault, Robert André

AU - Dubé-Loubert, Hugo

AU - Easterbrook, Don J.

AU - Franzi, David A.

AU - Friedrich, Hannah G.

AU - Funder, Svend

AU - Gauthier, Michelle S.

AU - Gowan, Angela S.

AU - Harris, Ken L.

AU - Hétu, Bernard

AU - Hooyer, Tom S.

AU - Jennings, Carrie E.

AU - Johnson, Mark D.

AU - Kehew, Alan E.

AU - Kelley, Samuel E.

AU - Kerr, Daniel

AU - King, Edward L.

AU - Kjeldsen, Kristian K.

AU - Knaeble, Alan R.

AU - Lajeunesse, Patrick

AU - Lakeman, Thomas R.

AU - Lamothe, Michel

AU - Larson, Phillip

AU - Lavoie, Martin

AU - Loope, Henry M.

AU - Lowell, Thomas V.

AU - Lusardi, Barbara A.

AU - Manz, Lorraine

AU - McMartin, Isabelle

AU - Nixon, F. Chantel

AU - Occhietti, Serge

AU - Parkhill, Michael A.

AU - Piper, David J.W.

AU - Pronk, Antonius G.

AU - Richard, Pierre J.H.

AU - Ridge, John C.

AU - Ross, Martin

AU - Roy, Martin

AU - Seaman, Allen

AU - Shaw, John

AU - Stea, Rudolph R.

AU - Teller, James T.

AU - Thompson, Woodrow B.

AU - Thorleifson, L. Harvey

AU - Utting, Daniel J.

AU - Veillette, Jean J.

AU - Ward, Brent C.

AU - Weddle, Thomas K.

AU - Wright, Herbert E.

PY - 2020/4/15

Y1 - 2020/4/15

N2 - The North American Ice Sheet Complex (NAISC; consisting of the Laurentide, Cordilleran and Innuitian ice sheets) was the largest ice mass to repeatedly grow and decay in the Northern Hemisphere during the Quaternary. Understanding its pattern of retreat following the Last Glacial Maximum is critical for studying many facets of the Late Quaternary, including ice sheet behaviour, the evolution of Holocene landscapes, sea level, atmospheric circulation, and the peopling of the Americas. Currently, the most up-to-date and authoritative margin chronology for the entire ice sheet complex is featured in two publications (Geological Survey of Canada Open File 1574 [Dyke et al., 2003]; ‘Quaternary Glaciations – Extent and Chronology, Part II’ [Dyke, 2004]). These often-cited datasets track ice margin recession in 36 time slices spanning 18 ka to 1 ka (all ages in uncalibrated radiocarbon years) using a combination of geomorphology, stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. However, by virtue of being over 15 years old, the ice margin chronology requires updating to reflect new work and important revisions. This paper updates the aforementioned 36 ice margin maps to reflect new data from regional studies. We also update the original radiocarbon dataset from the 2003/2004 papers with 1541 new ages to reflect work up to and including 2018. A major revision is made to the 18 ka ice margin, where Banks and Eglinton islands (once considered to be glacial refugia) are now shown to be fully glaciated. Our updated 18 ka ice sheet increased in areal extent from 17.81 to 18.37 million km2, which is an increase of 3.1% in spatial coverage of the NAISC at that time. Elsewhere, we also summarize, region-by-region, significant changes to the deglaciation sequence. This paper integrates new information provided by regional experts and radiocarbon data into the deglaciation sequence while maintaining consistency with the original ice margin positions of Dyke et al. (2003) and Dyke (2004) where new information is lacking; this is a pragmatic solution to satisfy the needs of a Quaternary research community that requires up-to-date knowledge of the pattern of ice margin recession of what was once the world's largest ice mass. The 36 updated isochrones are available in PDF and shapefile format, together with a spreadsheet of the expanded radiocarbon dataset (n = 5195 ages) and estimates of uncertainty for each interval.

AB - The North American Ice Sheet Complex (NAISC; consisting of the Laurentide, Cordilleran and Innuitian ice sheets) was the largest ice mass to repeatedly grow and decay in the Northern Hemisphere during the Quaternary. Understanding its pattern of retreat following the Last Glacial Maximum is critical for studying many facets of the Late Quaternary, including ice sheet behaviour, the evolution of Holocene landscapes, sea level, atmospheric circulation, and the peopling of the Americas. Currently, the most up-to-date and authoritative margin chronology for the entire ice sheet complex is featured in two publications (Geological Survey of Canada Open File 1574 [Dyke et al., 2003]; ‘Quaternary Glaciations – Extent and Chronology, Part II’ [Dyke, 2004]). These often-cited datasets track ice margin recession in 36 time slices spanning 18 ka to 1 ka (all ages in uncalibrated radiocarbon years) using a combination of geomorphology, stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. However, by virtue of being over 15 years old, the ice margin chronology requires updating to reflect new work and important revisions. This paper updates the aforementioned 36 ice margin maps to reflect new data from regional studies. We also update the original radiocarbon dataset from the 2003/2004 papers with 1541 new ages to reflect work up to and including 2018. A major revision is made to the 18 ka ice margin, where Banks and Eglinton islands (once considered to be glacial refugia) are now shown to be fully glaciated. Our updated 18 ka ice sheet increased in areal extent from 17.81 to 18.37 million km2, which is an increase of 3.1% in spatial coverage of the NAISC at that time. Elsewhere, we also summarize, region-by-region, significant changes to the deglaciation sequence. This paper integrates new information provided by regional experts and radiocarbon data into the deglaciation sequence while maintaining consistency with the original ice margin positions of Dyke et al. (2003) and Dyke (2004) where new information is lacking; this is a pragmatic solution to satisfy the needs of a Quaternary research community that requires up-to-date knowledge of the pattern of ice margin recession of what was once the world's largest ice mass. The 36 updated isochrones are available in PDF and shapefile format, together with a spreadsheet of the expanded radiocarbon dataset (n = 5195 ages) and estimates of uncertainty for each interval.

KW - Glaciation

KW - Ice margin chronology

KW - North America

KW - Quaternary

KW - Radiocarbon

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081048799&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85081048799&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106223

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85081048799

SN - 0277-3791

VL - 234

JO - Quaternary Science Reviews

JF - Quaternary Science Reviews

M1 - 106223

ER -

An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex

Abstract

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