Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is characterized by a heightened antibody (Ab) response to pancreatic islet self-antigens, which is a biomarker of progressive islet pathology.Werecently identified a novel antibody to clade B serpin that reduces isletassociated T cell accumulation and is linked to the delayed onset of T1D. As natural immunity to clade B arises early in life, we hypothesized that it may influence islet development during that time. To test this possibility healthy young Balb/c male mice were injected with serpin B13 mAb or IgG control and examined for the number and cellularity of pancreatic islets by immunofluorescence and FACS. Beta cell proliferation was assessed by measuring nucleotide analog 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-EdU) incorporation into the DNA and islet Reg gene expression was measured by real time PCR. Human studies involved measuring anti-serpin B13 autoantibodies by Luminex. We found that injecting anti-serpin B13 monoclonal Ab enhanced beta cell proliferation and Reg gene expression, induced the generation ofβ80 pancreatic islets per animal, and ultimately led to increase in the beta cell mass. These findings are relevant to human T1D because our analysis of subjects just diagnosed with T1D revealed an association between baseline anti-serpin activity and slower residual beta cell function decline in the first year after the onset of diabetes. Our findings reveal a new role for the anti-serpin immunological response in promoting adaptive changes in the endocrine pancreas and suggests that enhancement of this response could potentially help impede the progression of T1D in humans.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 266-278 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Journal of Biological Chemistry |
Volume | 291 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2016 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Grant 17-2013-428 (to J. C.). The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with the contents of this article. We thank Sarah Muller and the Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet for help in providing human serum samples and supporting data. We also thank Dr. Jerry Palmer for coordinating review of our manuscript by the TrialNet Publications and Presentations Subcommittee prior to its submission for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.