Abstract
Purpose: Substantial basic science evidence suggests that oxidative stress may play a role in aging-related health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer, and oxidative stress markers were linked with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in epidemiologic studies. However, the associations of many individual dietary and lifestyle anti-/pro-oxidant exposures with mortality are inconsistent. Oxidative balance scores (OBS) that incorporated multiple dietary and lifestyle factors were previously developed and reported to reflect the collective oxidative effects of multiple exposures. Methods: We investigated associations of 11-component dietary and 4-component (physical activity, adiposity, alcohol, and smoking) lifestyle OBS (higher scores were considered more anti-oxidative) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among women 55–69 years of age at baseline in the prospective Iowa Women’s Health Study (1986–2012). We assessed OBS-mortality associations using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Of the 34,137 cancer-free women included in the analytic cohort, 18,058 died (4521 from cancer, and 6825 from CVD) during a mean/median 22.0/26.1 person-years of follow-up. Among participants in the highest relative to the lowest lifestyle OBS quintiles, the adjusted hazards ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for all-cause, all-cancer, and all-CVD mortality were 0.50 (0.48, 0.53), 0.47 (0.43, 0.52), and 0.54 (0.50, 0.58) (all Ptrend < 0.001), respectively. The associations of the dietary OBS with mortality were close to null. Conclusion: Our findings, combined with results from previous studies, suggest that a predominance of antioxidant over pro-oxidant lifestyle exposures may be associated with lower all-cause, all-CVD, and all-cancer mortality risk.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 3873-3886 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | European Journal of Nutrition |
Volume | 60 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health under Grant R01 CA039742, and the Wilson P. and Anne W. Franklin Foundation. None of the funding agencies had any role in the conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Keywords
- Cohort studies
- Diet
- Lifestyle
- Mortality
- Oxidative stress