TY - CHAP
T1 - Astrocyte
T2 - Calcium signaling
AU - Deitmer, J. W.
AU - Araque, A.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Cytosolic Ca2+ signals in astrocytes can be spontaneous or evoked, and they are often initiated by activation of metabotropic receptors, resulting in Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. Although voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx is rare in astrocytes, the refilling of the intracellular Ca2+ stores requires store-operated Ca2+ entry, a major influx pathway of Ca2+ into astrocytes. Astrocyte Ca2+ signals are generated in the form of transients or oscillations, which can be evoked by neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, and growth factors, often in response to neuronal activity. These Ca2+ signals are propagated along cellular processes and can travel from the point of origin across the tissue as Ca2+ waves. When propagated into astrocytic endfeet, they may release cyclooxygenase products to control cerebral blood flow. Astrocyte Ca2+ signaling may lead to the release of transmitters and may be one of the key mechanisms for allowing a complex dialogue between neurons and glial cells.
AB - Cytosolic Ca2+ signals in astrocytes can be spontaneous or evoked, and they are often initiated by activation of metabotropic receptors, resulting in Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. Although voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx is rare in astrocytes, the refilling of the intracellular Ca2+ stores requires store-operated Ca2+ entry, a major influx pathway of Ca2+ into astrocytes. Astrocyte Ca2+ signals are generated in the form of transients or oscillations, which can be evoked by neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, and growth factors, often in response to neuronal activity. These Ca2+ signals are propagated along cellular processes and can travel from the point of origin across the tissue as Ca2+ waves. When propagated into astrocytic endfeet, they may release cyclooxygenase products to control cerebral blood flow. Astrocyte Ca2+ signaling may lead to the release of transmitters and may be one of the key mechanisms for allowing a complex dialogue between neurons and glial cells.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80053609532&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80053609532&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-008045046-9.00997-9
DO - 10.1016/B978-008045046-9.00997-9
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:80053609532
SN - 9780080450469
SP - 565
EP - 572
BT - Encyclopedia of Neuroscience
PB - Elsevier Ltd
ER -