Biology, yield loss and control of sclerotinia stem rot of soybean

Sclerotinia stem rot (also known as white mold) of soybean is a significant yield-limiting problem in the North Central production region. This disease, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, varies in incidence and severity from year to year because of its sensitivity to weather conditions. Losses because of Sclerotinia stem rot can be substantial when environmental conditions and management practices favor high yield potential. Employing a disease management plan based on knowledge of field history and best disease management practices can help reduce losses from Sclerotinia stem rot. An effective disease management plan integrates several management tactics that include cultural practices, varietal resistance, as well as chemical and biological control. Understanding how different environmental variables and management practices influence infection by S. sclerotiorum and disease development are important to optimize disease management and reduce losses. This profile summarizes research-based knowledge of Sclerotinia stem rot, including the disease cycle, the scope of the losses that can occur because of this disease, how to identify both the pathogen S. sclerotiorum and the disease, and current management recommendations.