Bone lesions: Role of sediment cytology

This study was conducted to evaluate the role of sediment cytology of biopsy specimen fixatives, which is usually discarded, in early diagnosis of bone lesions. Cytological smears prepared from sediments of biopsy specimen fixatives (sediment cytology) were used to study 65 bone specimens biopsied with suspicion of malignancy. The cytological diagnosis was then compared with histological diagnosis, taking the latter as gold standard. Smears were adequately cellular and showed good preservation of cellular morphology. Some of the smears showed microfragments of tissue. Cytology labeled 29 lesions as malignant, 26 lesions as benign, 3 as inflammatory, and 7 smears as inconclusive because of low cell yield. Sediment cytology was able to correctly diagnose 58 of 65 lesions. There was no false-positive or false-negative case. The sediment cytology could be considered as an easy and effective diagnostic tool that can provide early diagnosis for the lesion of bone.