Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance

Z. Nahas; C. C. Teneback; A. Kozel; A. M. Speer; C. DeBrux; M. Molloy; L. Stallings; K. M. Spicer; G. Arana; D. E. Bohning; S. C. Risch; M. S. George

doi:10.1176/jnp.13.4.459

Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance

Z. Nahas, C. C. Teneback, A. Kozel, A. M. Speer, C. DeBrux, M. Molloy, L. Stallings, K. M. Spicer, G. Arana, D. E. Bohning, S. C. Risch, M. S. George

Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

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Abstract

Relative regional brain blood flow was measured in 23 clinically depressed adults by using ECD SPECT at baseline and again during actual prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following 5 daily sessions of TMS. TMS over prefrontal cortex caused increased activity in cortex directly under the stimulation (inversely correlated with distance from scalp to cortex) and decreased activity in remote regions (anterior cingulate and anterior temporal poles). High-frequency rTMS (20 Hz) caused more relative flow immediately below the TMS coil than did low-frequency rTMS (5 Hz). Confirming the hypotheses tested, repeated daily TMS over the prefrontal cortex in medication-free depressed adults appears to change both local and remote blood flow in a manner that may also depend on the frequency of stimulation and coil to outer cortex distance.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	459-470
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
Volume	13
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.13.4.459
State	Published - Jan 1 2001

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Nahas, Z., Teneback, C. C., Kozel, A., Speer, A. M., DeBrux, C., Molloy, M., Stallings, L., Spicer, K. M., Arana, G., Bohning, D. E., Risch, S. C., & George, M. S. (2001). Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 13(4), 459-470. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.13.4.459

Nahas, Z, Teneback, CC, Kozel, A, Speer, AM, DeBrux, C, Molloy, M, Stallings, L, Spicer, KM, Arana, G, Bohning, DE, Risch, SC & George, MS 2001, 'Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance', Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 459-470. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.13.4.459

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abstract = "Relative regional brain blood flow was measured in 23 clinically depressed adults by using ECD SPECT at baseline and again during actual prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following 5 daily sessions of TMS. TMS over prefrontal cortex caused increased activity in cortex directly under the stimulation (inversely correlated with distance from scalp to cortex) and decreased activity in remote regions (anterior cingulate and anterior temporal poles). High-frequency rTMS (20 Hz) caused more relative flow immediately below the TMS coil than did low-frequency rTMS (5 Hz). Confirming the hypotheses tested, repeated daily TMS over the prefrontal cortex in medication-free depressed adults appears to change both local and remote blood flow in a manner that may also depend on the frequency of stimulation and coil to outer cortex distance.",

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AU - Molloy, M.

AU - Stallings, L.

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Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance

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