Bt pollen dispersal and Bt kernel mosaics: Integrity of non-Bt refugia for lepidopteran resistance management in Maize

Agriculture & Biology

• pollen flow 67%
• resistance management 65%
• refuge habitats 60%
• Lepidoptera 42%
• corn 33%
• seeds 27%
• cross pollination 18%
• pollen 14%
• insect resistance 13%
• insecticidal proteins 9%
• Helicoverpa zea 9%
• pests 8%
• ears 6%
• seed mixtures 5%
• wind direction 5%
• insects 4%
• dosage 3%
• field experimentation 3%
• pollination 3%
• genetically modified organisms 2%
• viability 2%
• methodology 1%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• lepidopteran 86%
• refugium 60%
• mosaic 51%
• pollen 47%
• maize 47%
• pollination 21%
• insect 15%
• refuge 14%
• pest 11%
• management plan 9%
• dose 4%
• protein 4%
• synchrony 4%
• wind direction 3%
• viability 3%
• seed 2%
• trial 2%
• method 0%