TY - JOUR
T1 - Childhood-onset schizophrenia
T2 - A double-blind clozapine-haloperidol comparison
AU - Kumra, Sanjiv
AU - Frazier, Jean A.
AU - Jacobsen, Leslie K.
AU - McKenna, Kathleen
AU - Gordon, Charles T.
AU - Lenane, Marge C.
AU - Hamburger, Susan D.
AU - Smith, Amy K.
AU - Albus, Kathleen E.
AU - Alaghband-Rad, Javad
AU - Rapoport, Judith L.
PY - 1996
Y1 - 1996
N2 - Background: Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a rare but severe form of the disorder that is often treatment-refractory. In this study, the efficacy and adverse effects of clozapine and haloperidol were compared for children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-one patients (mean [±SD] age, 14.0±2.3 years) with onset of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition-defined schizophrenia that began by age 12 years and who had been nonresponsive to typical neuroleptics participated in the study. Patients were randomized to a 6-week double-blind parallel comparison of clozapine (mean [±SD] final dose, 176±149 mg/d), or haloperidol, (16±8 mg/d). Results: Clozapine was superior to haloperidol on all measures of psychosis (P=.04-.002). Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia improved. However, neutropenia and seizures were major concerns. To date, one third of the group has discontinued using clozapine. Conclusions: Clozapine has striking superiority for positive and negative symptoms in treatment-refractory childhood-onset schizophrenia. However, due to possibly increased toxic effects in this pediatric population, close monitoring for adverse events is essential.
AB - Background: Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a rare but severe form of the disorder that is often treatment-refractory. In this study, the efficacy and adverse effects of clozapine and haloperidol were compared for children and adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-one patients (mean [±SD] age, 14.0±2.3 years) with onset of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition-defined schizophrenia that began by age 12 years and who had been nonresponsive to typical neuroleptics participated in the study. Patients were randomized to a 6-week double-blind parallel comparison of clozapine (mean [±SD] final dose, 176±149 mg/d), or haloperidol, (16±8 mg/d). Results: Clozapine was superior to haloperidol on all measures of psychosis (P=.04-.002). Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia improved. However, neutropenia and seizures were major concerns. To date, one third of the group has discontinued using clozapine. Conclusions: Clozapine has striking superiority for positive and negative symptoms in treatment-refractory childhood-onset schizophrenia. However, due to possibly increased toxic effects in this pediatric population, close monitoring for adverse events is essential.
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U2 - 10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830120020005
DO - 10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830120020005
M3 - Article
C2 - 8956674
AN - SCOPUS:10544235439
SN - 0003-990X
VL - 53
SP - 1090
EP - 1097
JO - Archives of General Psychiatry
JF - Archives of General Psychiatry
IS - 12
ER -