TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical and imaging heterogeneity of polymicrogyria
T2 - A study of 328 patients
AU - Leventer, Richard J.
AU - Jansen, Anna
AU - Pilz, Daniela T.
AU - Stoodley, Neil
AU - Marini, Carla
AU - Dubeau, Francois
AU - Malone, Jodie
AU - Mitchell, L. Anne
AU - Mandelstam, Simone
AU - Scheffer, Ingrid E.
AU - Berkovic, Samuel F.
AU - Andermann, Frederick
AU - Andermann, Eva
AU - Guerrini, Renzo
AU - Dobyns, William B.
N1 - Funding Information:
National Institutes of Health (PO1-NS39404 and R01-NS058721 to W.B.D.); The Lissencephaly Network Inc (to W.B.D.); the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (to R.J.L.); and Willy Gepts Scientific Fund (to A.J.).
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - Polymicrogyria is one of the most common malformations of cortical development and is associated with a variety of clinical sequelae including epilepsy, intellectual disability, motor dysfunction and speech disturbance. It has heterogeneous clinical manifestations and imaging patterns, yet large cohort data defining the clinical and imaging spectrum and the relative frequencies of each subtype are lacking. The aims of this study were to determine the types and relative frequencies of different polymicrogyria patterns, define the spectrum of their clinical and imaging features and assess for clinical/imaging correlations. We studied the imaging features of 328 patients referred from six centres, with detailed clinical data available for 183 patients. The ascertainment base was wide, including referral from paediatricians, geneticists and neurologists. The main patterns of polymicrogyria were perisylvian (61), generalized (13), frontal (5) and parasagittal parieto-occipital (3), and in 11 there was associated periventricular grey matter heterotopia. Each of the above patterns was further divided into subtypes based on distinguishing imaging characteristics. The remaining 7 were comprised of a number of rare patterns, many not described previously. The most common clinical sequelae were epileptic seizures (78), global developmental delay (70), spasticity (51) and microcephaly (50). Many patients presented with neurological or developmental abnormalities prior to the onset of epilepsy. Patients with more extensive patterns of polymicrogyria presented at an earlier age and with more severe sequelae than those with restricted or unilateral forms. The median age at presentation for the entire cohort was 4 months with 38 presenting in either the antenatal or neonatal periods. There were no significant differences between the prevalence of epilepsy for each polymicrogyria pattern, however patients with generalized and bilateral forms had a lower age at seizure onset. There was significant skewing towards males with a ratio of 3:2. This study expands our understanding of the spectrum of clinical and imaging features of polymicrogyria. Progression from describing imaging patterns to defining anatomoclinical syndromes will improve the accuracy of prognostic counselling and will aid identification of the aetiologies of polymicrogyria, including genetic causes.
AB - Polymicrogyria is one of the most common malformations of cortical development and is associated with a variety of clinical sequelae including epilepsy, intellectual disability, motor dysfunction and speech disturbance. It has heterogeneous clinical manifestations and imaging patterns, yet large cohort data defining the clinical and imaging spectrum and the relative frequencies of each subtype are lacking. The aims of this study were to determine the types and relative frequencies of different polymicrogyria patterns, define the spectrum of their clinical and imaging features and assess for clinical/imaging correlations. We studied the imaging features of 328 patients referred from six centres, with detailed clinical data available for 183 patients. The ascertainment base was wide, including referral from paediatricians, geneticists and neurologists. The main patterns of polymicrogyria were perisylvian (61), generalized (13), frontal (5) and parasagittal parieto-occipital (3), and in 11 there was associated periventricular grey matter heterotopia. Each of the above patterns was further divided into subtypes based on distinguishing imaging characteristics. The remaining 7 were comprised of a number of rare patterns, many not described previously. The most common clinical sequelae were epileptic seizures (78), global developmental delay (70), spasticity (51) and microcephaly (50). Many patients presented with neurological or developmental abnormalities prior to the onset of epilepsy. Patients with more extensive patterns of polymicrogyria presented at an earlier age and with more severe sequelae than those with restricted or unilateral forms. The median age at presentation for the entire cohort was 4 months with 38 presenting in either the antenatal or neonatal periods. There were no significant differences between the prevalence of epilepsy for each polymicrogyria pattern, however patients with generalized and bilateral forms had a lower age at seizure onset. There was significant skewing towards males with a ratio of 3:2. This study expands our understanding of the spectrum of clinical and imaging features of polymicrogyria. Progression from describing imaging patterns to defining anatomoclinical syndromes will improve the accuracy of prognostic counselling and will aid identification of the aetiologies of polymicrogyria, including genetic causes.
KW - Cortical malformations
KW - Epileptology
KW - Magnetic resonance
KW - Polymicrogyria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77951926314&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77951926314&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/brain/awq078
DO - 10.1093/brain/awq078
M3 - Article
C2 - 20403963
AN - SCOPUS:77951926314
SN - 0006-8950
VL - 133
SP - 1415
EP - 1427
JO - Brain
JF - Brain
IS - 5
ER -