Conditionally replicating adenovirus-mediated gene therapy in bladder cancer: An orthotopic in vivo model

Jonathan J. Melquist, Michael Kacka, Yingming Li, Bahaa S. Malaeb, James Elmore, Adam G. Baseman, Jer Tsong Hsieh, Kenneth S. Koeneman

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: The effects of a conditionally replicating adenovirus on various bladder cancer lines were explored, a truncated bone sialoprotein (BSP) promoter controlling the E1a/b lytic-regulating sequence was used, since BSP protein is found in many osteotropic neoplasms, including bladder cancer. Methods: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to determine expression patterns of BSP and Coxsackie adenovirus receptor, a receptor known to interact with adenovirus, on multiple lines of bladder cancer (253J, 253J B-V, RT4, transitional cell carcinoma, T24, UMUC3, and WH). Ad-BSP-E1a was tested in vitro for lytic activity on 4 of these cell lines. The 253J B-V cell line was used and inoculated into female nude mice either subcutaneously in the flank or orthotopically into the bladder, and treated with control or Ad-BSP-E1a virus. Results: BSP is expressed in RT4, transitional cell carcinoma, and WH. Meanwhile, Coxsackie adenovirus receptor was expressed in all lines except T24. Ad-BSP-E1a had the most impact on 253J and 253J B-V cells; cell density declined significantly when compared to phosphate-buffered saline and Ad-BSP-TK "dummy" virus-treatment groups. The 253J B-V tumors treated with Ad-BSP-E1a revealed a decreased percent change of size in the subcutaneous model when compared to controls at week 3. The orthotopic murine model showed decreased end tumor mass in the Ad-BSP-E1a treated group over controls. Histologic examination of in vivo tumors showed evidence of fibrosis and apoptosis in the Ad-BSP-E1a treated groups using hematoxylin-eosin, trichrome, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. Control groups only had viable tumor in in vivo models. Conclusion: Adenovirus therapy of orthotopic murine bladder tumors is feasible. Ad-BSP-E1a is effective in treating very aggressive yet sensitive bladder tumor cells. Further study of this conditionally replicating adenovirus treatment (Ad-BSP-E1a) with chemotherapeutic combination is warranted, and future translation of such combination therapy into human beings is a possibility.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)362-371
Number of pages10
JournalUrologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume24
Issue number4 SPEC. ISS.
DOIs
StatePublished - 2006

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the United States Department of Defense. DOD award DAMD 17-01-1-0107 and DAMD 17-02-1-0148 and DOD Consortium Award DOD PCRP-02 indirectly helped complete these bladder cancer studies, which employed reagents developed for and during the aforementioned DOD prostate cancer research studies. Dr. Koeneman received the Dougherty Family Chair in Uro-Oncology.

Keywords

  • Adenoviral vectors
  • Bladder cancer
  • Bone sialoprotein
  • Cancer cell lines
  • Gene therapy

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