Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change

Meghan L. Avolio; Kimberly J. Komatsu; Scott L. Collins; Emily Grman; Sally E. Koerner; Andrew T. Tredennick; Kevin R. Wilcox; Sara Baer; Elizabeth H. Boughton; Andrea J. Britton; Bryan Foster; Laura Gough; Mark Hovenden; Forest Isbell; Anke Jentsch; David S. Johnson; Alan K. Knapp; Juergen Kreyling; J. Adam Langley; Christopher Lortie; Rebecca L. McCulley; Jennie R. McLaren; Peter B. Reich; Eric W. Seabloom; Melinda D. Smith; Katharine N. Suding; K. Blake Suttle; Pedro M. Tognetti

doi:10.1111/ele.13824

Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change

Meghan L. Avolio, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Scott L. Collins, Emily Grman, Sally E. Koerner, Andrew T. Tredennick, Kevin R. Wilcox, Sara Baer, Elizabeth H. Boughton, Andrea J. Britton, Bryan Foster, Laura Gough, Mark Hovenden, Forest Isbell, Anke Jentsch, David S. Johnson, Alan K. Knapp, Juergen Kreyling, J. Adam Langley, Christopher LortieRebecca L. McCulley, Jennie R. McLaren, Peter B. Reich, Eric W. Seabloom, Melinda D. Smith, Katharine N. Suding, K. Blake Suttle, Pedro M. Tognetti

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22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Global change is impacting plant community composition, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. Using a dataset of 58 global change experiments, we tested the five fundamental mechanisms of community change: changes in evenness and richness, reordering, species gains and losses. We found 71% of communities were impacted by global change treatments, and 88% of communities that were exposed to two or more global change drivers were impacted. Further, all mechanisms of change were equally likely to be affected by global change treatments—species losses and changes in richness were just as common as species gains and reordering. We also found no evidence of a progression of community changes, for example, reordering and changes in evenness did not precede species gains and losses. We demonstrate that all processes underlying plant community composition changes are equally affected by treatments and often occur simultaneously, necessitating a wholistic approach to quantifying community changes.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1892-1904
Number of pages	13
Journal	Ecology letters
Volume	24
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13824
State	Published - Sep 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank the LTER Network for funding synthesis working groups in 2012 (National Science Foundation [EF 1545288] to MLA and KJK) and 2016 (National Science Foundation [EF 0553768] to KJK, MLA and KRW). This research would not be possible without all the work generosity of the researchers who provided data for this manuscript and the technical staff at these sites who assured that the long‐term integrity of these data are/were maintained. Not all of the researchers who contributed data to this project are listed as authors, so we specifically want to acknowledge their contributions: John Bates, John Blair, William Bowman, Nona Chiariello, Katherine Gross, Greg Houseman, Steven Pennings, Tony Svejcar, David Tilman, Roy Turkington, Zhuwen Xu and Qiang Yu. Funding sources for individual experiments included in the data synthesis can be found in Table S3 .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

data synthesis
evenness
global change experiments
herbaceous plants
reordering
richness
species gains
species losses

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Avolio, M. L., Komatsu, K. J., Collins, S. L., Grman, E., Koerner, S. E., Tredennick, A. T., Wilcox, K. R., Baer, S., Boughton, E. H., Britton, A. J., Foster, B., Gough, L., Hovenden, M., Isbell, F., Jentsch, A., Johnson, D. S., Knapp, A. K., Kreyling, J., Langley, J. A., ... Tognetti, P. M. (2021). Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change. Ecology letters, 24(9), 1892-1904. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13824

Avolio, ML, Komatsu, KJ, Collins, SL, Grman, E, Koerner, SE, Tredennick, AT, Wilcox, KR, Baer, S, Boughton, EH, Britton, AJ, Foster, B, Gough, L, Hovenden, M, Isbell, F, Jentsch, A, Johnson, DS, Knapp, AK, Kreyling, J, Langley, JA, Lortie, C, McCulley, RL, McLaren, JR, Reich, PB , Seabloom, EW, Smith, MD, Suding, KN, Suttle, KB & Tognetti, PM 2021, 'Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change', Ecology letters, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 1892-1904. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13824

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abstract = "Global change is impacting plant community composition, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. Using a dataset of 58 global change experiments, we tested the five fundamental mechanisms of community change: changes in evenness and richness, reordering, species gains and losses. We found 71% of communities were impacted by global change treatments, and 88% of communities that were exposed to two or more global change drivers were impacted. Further, all mechanisms of change were equally likely to be affected by global change treatments—species losses and changes in richness were just as common as species gains and reordering. We also found no evidence of a progression of community changes, for example, reordering and changes in evenness did not precede species gains and losses. We demonstrate that all processes underlying plant community composition changes are equally affected by treatments and often occur simultaneously, necessitating a wholistic approach to quantifying community changes.",

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author = "Avolio, {Meghan L.} and Komatsu, {Kimberly J.} and Collins, {Scott L.} and Emily Grman and Koerner, {Sally E.} and Tredennick, {Andrew T.} and Wilcox, {Kevin R.} and Sara Baer and Boughton, {Elizabeth H.} and Britton, {Andrea J.} and Bryan Foster and Laura Gough and Mark Hovenden and Forest Isbell and Anke Jentsch and Johnson, {David S.} and Knapp, {Alan K.} and Juergen Kreyling and Langley, {J. Adam} and Christopher Lortie and McCulley, {Rebecca L.} and McLaren, {Jennie R.} and Reich, {Peter B.} and Seabloom, {Eric W.} and Smith, {Melinda D.} and Suding, {Katharine N.} and Suttle, {K. Blake} and Tognetti, {Pedro M.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank the LTER Network for funding synthesis working groups in 2012 (National Science Foundation [EF 1545288] to MLA and KJK) and 2016 (National Science Foundation [EF 0553768] to KJK, MLA and KRW). This research would not be possible without all the work generosity of the researchers who provided data for this manuscript and the technical staff at these sites who assured that the long‐term integrity of these data are/were maintained. Not all of the researchers who contributed data to this project are listed as authors, so we specifically want to acknowledge their contributions: John Bates, John Blair, William Bowman, Nona Chiariello, Katherine Gross, Greg Houseman, Steven Pennings, Tony Svejcar, David Tilman, Roy Turkington, Zhuwen Xu and Qiang Yu. Funding sources for individual experiments included in the data synthesis can be found in Table S3 . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",

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AU - Koerner, Sally E.

AU - Tredennick, Andrew T.

AU - Wilcox, Kevin R.

AU - Baer, Sara

AU - Boughton, Elizabeth H.

AU - Britton, Andrea J.

AU - Foster, Bryan

AU - Gough, Laura

AU - Hovenden, Mark

AU - Isbell, Forest

AU - Jentsch, Anke

AU - Johnson, David S.

AU - Knapp, Alan K.

AU - Kreyling, Juergen

AU - Langley, J. Adam

AU - Lortie, Christopher

AU - McCulley, Rebecca L.

AU - McLaren, Jennie R.

AU - Reich, Peter B.

AU - Seabloom, Eric W.

AU - Smith, Melinda D.

AU - Suding, Katharine N.

AU - Suttle, K. Blake

AU - Tognetti, Pedro M.

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N2 - Global change is impacting plant community composition, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. Using a dataset of 58 global change experiments, we tested the five fundamental mechanisms of community change: changes in evenness and richness, reordering, species gains and losses. We found 71% of communities were impacted by global change treatments, and 88% of communities that were exposed to two or more global change drivers were impacted. Further, all mechanisms of change were equally likely to be affected by global change treatments—species losses and changes in richness were just as common as species gains and reordering. We also found no evidence of a progression of community changes, for example, reordering and changes in evenness did not precede species gains and losses. We demonstrate that all processes underlying plant community composition changes are equally affected by treatments and often occur simultaneously, necessitating a wholistic approach to quantifying community changes.

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KW - herbaceous plants

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KW - species gains

KW - species losses

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ER -

Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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