Abstract
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was prevalent in swine in the United States before PCV2-associated disease (PCVAD) appeared in 2006. Limited nucleotide sequencing of open reading frame 2 (ORF2) encoding capsid, the only structural protein, revealed the presence of two genotypes, PCV2a and PCV2b. Later, PCV2c and mutant PCV2b, or PCV2d, were also described. However, extensive PCV2 ORF2 sequence databases in veterinary diagnostic laboratories have not been analyzed systematically to determine the genetic diversity of field isolates. Here, we interrogated >1100 PCV2 ORF2 nucleotide sequences to assess population diversity and genetic variation. We detected a novel PCV2 genotype that is substantially different, primarily in ORF2, from all known PCV2. Notably, ORF2 contains a unique carboxyl terminal amino acid insertion resulting in a 238 amino acid ORF2. All other PCV2 ORF2 proteins are 233 or 234 aa in length. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that it is more ancient than other PCV2 genotypes. The findings demonstrate the value of analyzing routine diagnostic laboratory sequence databases in population genetic analyses of animal pathogens.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 32-37 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Virus research |
| Volume | 217 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2 2016 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The work was funded in part by support from Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica (BIV) and by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture , multistate project MIN-63-112 . XW was supported by a MnDRIVE Global Food Ventures fellowship . BD is an undergraduate student at University of Minnesota, Morris. MPM receives consulting income from BIV. The relationship has been reviewed and managed by the University of Minnesota in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Diagnostics
- PCV2
- Phylogenetics
- Swine
- Virology