Abstract
Rationale: Dietary intake is a potential risk factor for respiratory morbidity in adult populations. Few studies capture the effect of dietary patterns, representative of the combination of nutrients consumed, on self-reported respiratory morbidity in combination with objective measures of lung function. Objectives: To evaluate patterns of dietary intake in relation to respiratory morbidity and objective measures of lung function in a U.S. population. Methods: The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study investigators enrolled 15,792 participants from four U.S. communities between 1987 and 1989 and collected data using a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess diet. Principal component analysis was applied, and patterns representative of “Western” and “Prudent” diets emerged. We investigated cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns and pulmonary assessments that included asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosis, respiratory symptoms, and lung function. Multivariable Poisson regression models included quintiles of dietary patterns and potential confounders. Interaction of dietary patterns with obesity, sex, and smoking status was assessed in relation to all outcomes. Results: Higher scores in the “Western” dietary pattern (quintile 5 vs. quintile 1) were associated with higher prevalence of COPD (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.62; 95% confidence ratio [CI], 1.33-1.97), wheeze (PR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.11-1.69), cough (PR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.32-1.59), and phlegm (PR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05-1.54) and lower percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Higher scores in the “Prudent” dietary pattern (quintile 5 vs. quintile 1) were associated with lower prevalence of COPD (PR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.95) and cough (PR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67-0.89) and higher percent predicted FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio. The prevalence of asthma was not related to dietary intake. Conclusions: A “Western” dietary pattern was associated with respiratory symptoms, lower lung function, and COPD in ARIC participants.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 675-682 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Annals of the American Thoracic Society |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Acknowledgment: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C). The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. The authors also thank the Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research and Dr. Nae-Yuh Wang for support in statistical revisions.
Funding Information:
Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant 4KL2TR001077-04 (E.P.B.), NIH grants P50ES018176/EPA RD83615201 and P50MD010431/EPA RD83615001 (G.B.D., N.N.H., and M.C.M.), and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (S.J.L.). The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study is performed as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 by the American Thoracic Society.
Keywords
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Food
- Lung
- Spirometry
- Symptoms
