DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV: Biochemical activities, physiological roles during chromosome replication, and drug sensitivities

Cindy Levine; Hiroshi Hiasa; Kenneth J. Marians

doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00126-2

DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV: Biochemical activities, physiological roles during chromosome replication, and drug sensitivities

Cindy Levine, Hiroshi Hiasa, Kenneth J. Marians

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

347 Scopus citations

Abstract

DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the two type II topoisomerases present in bacteria. Though clearly related, based on amino acid sequence similarity, they each play crucial, but distinct, roles in the cell. Gyrase is involved primarily in supporting nascent chain elongation during replication of the chromosome, whereas topoisomerase IV separates the topologically linked daughter chromosomes during the terminal stage of DNA replication. These different roles can be attributed to differences in the biochemical properties of the two enzymes. The biochemical activities, physiological roles, and drug sensitivities of the enzymes are reviewed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	29-43
Number of pages	15
Journal	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Gene Structure and Expression
Volume	1400
Issue number	1-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00126-2
State	Published - Oct 1 1998
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Studies from the author’s laboratory were supported by NIH Grant GM34558.

Keywords

Chromosome decatenation
DNA replication
Drug resistance
Mechanism
Type II

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abstract = "DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the two type II topoisomerases present in bacteria. Though clearly related, based on amino acid sequence similarity, they each play crucial, but distinct, roles in the cell. Gyrase is involved primarily in supporting nascent chain elongation during replication of the chromosome, whereas topoisomerase IV separates the topologically linked daughter chromosomes during the terminal stage of DNA replication. These different roles can be attributed to differences in the biochemical properties of the two enzymes. The biochemical activities, physiological roles, and drug sensitivities of the enzymes are reviewed.",

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AU - Marians, Kenneth J.

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AB - DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the two type II topoisomerases present in bacteria. Though clearly related, based on amino acid sequence similarity, they each play crucial, but distinct, roles in the cell. Gyrase is involved primarily in supporting nascent chain elongation during replication of the chromosome, whereas topoisomerase IV separates the topologically linked daughter chromosomes during the terminal stage of DNA replication. These different roles can be attributed to differences in the biochemical properties of the two enzymes. The biochemical activities, physiological roles, and drug sensitivities of the enzymes are reviewed.

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KW - DNA replication

KW - Drug resistance

KW - Mechanism

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DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV: Biochemical activities, physiological roles during chromosome replication, and drug sensitivities

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