ENSO drove 2500-year collapse of Eastern Pacific coral reefs

Lauren T. Toth; Richard B. Aronson; Steven V. Vollmer; Jennifer W. Hobbs; Dunia H. Urrego; Hai Cheng; Ian C. Enochs; David J. Combosch; Robert Van Woesik; Ian G. Macintyre

doi:10.1126/science.1221168

ENSO drove 2500-year collapse of Eastern Pacific coral reefs

Lauren T. Toth, Richard B. Aronson, Steven V. Vollmer, Jennifer W. Hobbs, Dunia H. Urrego, Hai Cheng, Ian C. Enochs, David J. Combosch, Robert Van Woesik, Ian G. Macintyre

Earth and Environmental Sciences-Twin Cities

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114 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cores of coral reef frameworks along an upwelling gradient in Panamá show that reef ecosystems in the tropical eastern Pacific collapsed for 2500 years, representing as much as 40% of their history, beginning about 4000 years ago. The principal cause of this millennial-scale hiatus in reef growth was increased variability of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupling with the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The hiatus was a Pacific-wide phenomenon with an underlying climatology similar to probable scenarios for the next century. Global climate change is probably driving eastern Pacific reefs toward another regional collapse.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	81-84
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	336
Issue number	6090
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1221168
State	Published - Jul 6 2012

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title = "ENSO drove 2500-year collapse of Eastern Pacific coral reefs",

abstract = "Cores of coral reef frameworks along an upwelling gradient in Panam{\'a} show that reef ecosystems in the tropical eastern Pacific collapsed for 2500 years, representing as much as 40% of their history, beginning about 4000 years ago. The principal cause of this millennial-scale hiatus in reef growth was increased variability of the El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupling with the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The hiatus was a Pacific-wide phenomenon with an underlying climatology similar to probable scenarios for the next century. Global climate change is probably driving eastern Pacific reefs toward another regional collapse.",

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AU - Toth, Lauren T.

AU - Aronson, Richard B.

AU - Vollmer, Steven V.

AU - Hobbs, Jennifer W.

AU - Urrego, Dunia H.

AU - Cheng, Hai

AU - Enochs, Ian C.

AU - Combosch, David J.

AU - Van Woesik, Robert

AU - Macintyre, Ian G.

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ENSO drove 2500-year collapse of Eastern Pacific coral reefs

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