Examining a Classwide Application of Cover-Copy-Compare With and Without Goal Setting to Enhance Mathematics Fluency

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of cover-copy-compare alone and combined with two forms of goal setting to a control condition on the mathematics fluency of 173 third-grade students. Treatment sessions occurred twice weekly for a total of 6 weeks, and multilevel modeling was used to examine progress across intervention sessions. Results suggested that combining cover-copy-compare with goal setting (problems correct) leads to steeper slopes and higher final scores than most other treatment conditions, the effects of which were retained over 1 month and generalized to similar stimulus conditions. Initial scores on a third-grade general outcome measure significantly affected growth over time but not final score.