First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector

H. Watanabe; H. Zhang; K. Abe; Y. Hayato; T. Iida; M. Ikeda; J. Kameda; K. Kobayashi; Y. Koshio; M. Miura; S. Moriyama; M. Nakahata; S. Nakayama; Y. Obayashi; H. Ogawa; H. Sekiya; M. Shiozawa; Y. Suzuki; A. Takeda; Y. Takenaga; Y. Takeuchi; K. Ueno; K. Ueshima; S. Yamada; S. Hazama; I. Higuchi; C. Ishihara; T. Kajita; K. Kaneyuki; G. Mitsuka; H. Nishino; K. Okumura; N. Tanimoto; S. Clark; S. Desai; F. Dufour; E. Kearns; S. Likhoded; M. Litos; J. Raaf; J. L. Stone; L. R. Sulak; W. Wang; M. Goldhaber; K. Bays; D. Casper; J. P. Cravens; J. Dunmore; J. Griskevich; W. R. Kropp; D. W. Liu; S. Mine; C. Regis; M. B. Smy; H. W. Sobel; K. S. Ganezer; J. Hill; W. E. Keig; J. S. Jang; I. S. Jeong; J. Y. Kim; I. T. Lim; M. Fechner; K. Scholberg; C. W. Walter; R. Wendel; S. Tasaka; G. Guillian; J. G. Learned; S. Matsuno; M. D. Messier; Y. Watanabe; T. Hasegawa; T. Ishida; T. Ishii; T. Kobayashi; T. Nakadaira; K. Nakamura; K. Nishikawa; Y. Oyama; K. Sakashita; T. Sekiguchi; T. Tsukamoto; A. T. Suzuki; A. K. Ichikawa; A. Minamino; T. Nakaya; M. Yokoyama; T. J. Haines; S. Dazeley; R. Svoboda; R. Gran; A. Habig; Y. Fukuda; Y. Itow; T. Tanaka; C. K. Jung; C. McGrew; A. Sarrat; R. Terri; C. Yanagisawa; N. Tamura; Y. Idehara; H. Ishino; A. Kibayashi; M. Sakuda; Y. Kuno; M. Yoshida; S. B. Kim; B. S. Yang; T. Ishizuka; H. Okazawa; Y. Choi; H. K. Seo; Y. Furuse; K. Nishijima; Y. Yokosawa; M. Koshiba; Y. Totsuka; M. R. Vagins; S. Chen; Z. Deng; G. Gong; Y. Liu; T. Xue; D. Kielczewska; H. G. Berns; K. K. Shiraishi; E. Thrane; R. J. Wilkes

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002

First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector

H. Watanabe, H. Zhang, K. Abe, Y. Hayato, T. Iida, M. Ikeda, J. Kameda, K. Kobayashi, Y. Koshio, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, S. Nakayama, Y. Obayashi, H. Ogawa, H. Sekiya, M. Shiozawa, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda, Y. TakenagaY. Takeuchi, K. Ueno, K. Ueshima, S. Yamada, S. Hazama, I. Higuchi, C. Ishihara, T. Kajita, K. Kaneyuki, G. Mitsuka, H. Nishino, K. Okumura, N. Tanimoto, S. Clark, S. Desai, F. Dufour, E. Kearns, S. Likhoded, M. Litos, J. Raaf, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, W. Wang, M. Goldhaber, K. Bays, D. Casper, J. P. Cravens, J. Dunmore, J. Griskevich, W. R. Kropp, D. W. Liu, S. Mine, C. Regis, M. B. Smy, H. W. Sobel, K. S. Ganezer, J. Hill, W. E. Keig, J. S. Jang, I. S. Jeong, J. Y. Kim, I. T. Lim, M. Fechner, K. Scholberg, C. W. Walter, R. Wendel, S. Tasaka, G. Guillian, J. G. Learned, S. Matsuno, M. D. Messier, Y. Watanabe, T. Hasegawa, T. Ishida, T. Ishii, T. Kobayashi, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakamura, K. Nishikawa, Y. Oyama, K. Sakashita, T. Sekiguchi, T. Tsukamoto, A. T. Suzuki, A. K. Ichikawa, A. Minamino, T. Nakaya, M. Yokoyama, T. J. Haines, S. Dazeley, R. Svoboda, R. Gran, A. Habig, Y. Fukuda, Y. Itow, T. Tanaka, C. K. Jung, C. McGrew, A. Sarrat, R. Terri, C. Yanagisawa, N. Tamura, Y. Idehara, H. Ishino, A. Kibayashi, M. Sakuda, Y. Kuno, M. Yoshida, S. B. Kim, B. S. Yang, T. Ishizuka, H. Okazawa, Y. Choi, H. K. Seo, Y. Furuse, K. Nishijima, Y. Yokosawa, M. Koshiba, Y. Totsuka, M. R. Vagins, S. Chen, Z. Deng, G. Gong, Y. Liu, T. Xue, D. Kielczewska, H. G. Berns, K. K. Shiraishi, E. Thrane, R. J. Wilkes

Physics & Astronomy (Duluth)

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Abstract

A first study of neutron tagging is conducted in Super-Kamiokande, a 50,000 ton water Cherenkov detector. The tagging efficiencies of thermal neutrons are evaluated in a 0.2% GdCl₃-water solution and pure water. They are determined to be, respectively, 66.7% for events above 3 MeV and 20% with corresponding background probabilities of 2 × 10^{- 4} and 3 × 10^{- 2}. This newly developed technique may enable water Cherenkov detectors to identify over(ν, ̄)_e's from astrophysical sources as well as those produced by commercial reactors via the delayed coincidence scheme.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	320-328
Number of pages	9
Journal	Astroparticle Physics
Volume	31
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002
State	Published - May 2009

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the Kamioka Mining and Smelting Company. Super-Kamiokande has been built and operated with funds provided by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation. This work has been partially supported by the Korean Research Foundation (BK21), the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10575056, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Japan.

Keywords

Gadolinium
Neutron tagging
Water Cherenkov detector

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Watanabe, H., Zhang, H., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Iida, T., Ikeda, M., Kameda, J., Kobayashi, K., Koshio, Y., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Obayashi, Y., Ogawa, H., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., ... Wilkes, R. J. (2009). First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector. Astroparticle Physics, 31(4), 320-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002

Watanabe, H, Zhang, H, Abe, K, Hayato, Y, Iida, T, Ikeda, M, Kameda, J, Kobayashi, K, Koshio, Y, Miura, M, Moriyama, S, Nakahata, M, Nakayama, S, Obayashi, Y, Ogawa, H, Sekiya, H, Shiozawa, M, Suzuki, Y, Takeda, A, Takenaga, Y, Takeuchi, Y, Ueno, K, Ueshima, K, Yamada, S, Hazama, S, Higuchi, I, Ishihara, C, Kajita, T, Kaneyuki, K, Mitsuka, G, Nishino, H, Okumura, K, Tanimoto, N, Clark, S, Desai, S, Dufour, F, Kearns, E, Likhoded, S, Litos, M, Raaf, J, Stone, JL, Sulak, LR, Wang, W, Goldhaber, M, Bays, K, Casper, D, Cravens, JP, Dunmore, J, Griskevich, J, Kropp, WR, Liu, DW, Mine, S, Regis, C, Smy, MB, Sobel, HW, Ganezer, KS, Hill, J, Keig, WE, Jang, JS, Jeong, IS, Kim, JY, Lim, IT, Fechner, M, Scholberg, K, Walter, CW, Wendel, R, Tasaka, S, Guillian, G, Learned, JG, Matsuno, S, Messier, MD, Watanabe, Y, Hasegawa, T, Ishida, T, Ishii, T, Kobayashi, T, Nakadaira, T, Nakamura, K, Nishikawa, K, Oyama, Y, Sakashita, K, Sekiguchi, T, Tsukamoto, T, Suzuki, AT, Ichikawa, AK, Minamino, A, Nakaya, T, Yokoyama, M, Haines, TJ, Dazeley, S, Svoboda, R, Gran, R , Habig, A, Fukuda, Y, Itow, Y, Tanaka, T, Jung, CK, McGrew, C, Sarrat, A, Terri, R, Yanagisawa, C, Tamura, N, Idehara, Y, Ishino, H, Kibayashi, A, Sakuda, M, Kuno, Y, Yoshida, M, Kim, SB, Yang, BS, Ishizuka, T, Okazawa, H, Choi, Y, Seo, HK, Furuse, Y, Nishijima, K, Yokosawa, Y, Koshiba, M, Totsuka, Y, Vagins, MR, Chen, S, Deng, Z, Gong, G, Liu, Y, Xue, T, Kielczewska, D, Berns, HG, Shiraishi, KK, Thrane, E & Wilkes, RJ 2009, 'First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector', Astroparticle Physics, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 320-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002

@article{e52bd2ae2dd24766b90ff5faf37e1dfb,

title = "First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector",

abstract = "A first study of neutron tagging is conducted in Super-Kamiokande, a 50,000 ton water Cherenkov detector. The tagging efficiencies of thermal neutrons are evaluated in a 0.2% GdCl3-water solution and pure water. They are determined to be, respectively, 66.7% for events above 3 MeV and 20% with corresponding background probabilities of 2 × 10- 4 and 3 × 10- 2. This newly developed technique may enable water Cherenkov detectors to identify over(ν,{\= })e's from astrophysical sources as well as those produced by commercial reactors via the delayed coincidence scheme.",

keywords = "Gadolinium, Neutron tagging, Water Cherenkov detector",

author = "H. Watanabe and H. Zhang and K. Abe and Y. Hayato and T. Iida and M. Ikeda and J. Kameda and K. Kobayashi and Y. Koshio and M. Miura and S. Moriyama and M. Nakahata and S. Nakayama and Y. Obayashi and H. Ogawa and H. Sekiya and M. Shiozawa and Y. Suzuki and A. Takeda and Y. Takenaga and Y. Takeuchi and K. Ueno and K. Ueshima and S. Yamada and S. Hazama and I. Higuchi and C. Ishihara and T. Kajita and K. Kaneyuki and G. Mitsuka and H. Nishino and K. Okumura and N. Tanimoto and S. Clark and S. Desai and F. Dufour and E. Kearns and S. Likhoded and M. Litos and J. Raaf and Stone, {J. L.} and Sulak, {L. R.} and W. Wang and M. Goldhaber and K. Bays and D. Casper and Cravens, {J. P.} and J. Dunmore and J. Griskevich and Kropp, {W. R.} and Liu, {D. W.} and S. Mine and C. Regis and Smy, {M. B.} and Sobel, {H. W.} and Ganezer, {K. S.} and J. Hill and Keig, {W. E.} and Jang, {J. S.} and Jeong, {I. S.} and Kim, {J. Y.} and Lim, {I. T.} and M. Fechner and K. Scholberg and Walter, {C. W.} and R. Wendel and S. Tasaka and G. Guillian and Learned, {J. G.} and S. Matsuno and Messier, {M. D.} and Y. Watanabe and T. Hasegawa and T. Ishida and T. Ishii and T. Kobayashi and T. Nakadaira and K. Nakamura and K. Nishikawa and Y. Oyama and K. Sakashita and T. Sekiguchi and T. Tsukamoto and Suzuki, {A. T.} and Ichikawa, {A. K.} and A. Minamino and T. Nakaya and M. Yokoyama and Haines, {T. J.} and S. Dazeley and R. Svoboda and R. Gran and A. Habig and Y. Fukuda and Y. Itow and T. Tanaka and Jung, {C. K.} and C. McGrew and A. Sarrat and R. Terri and C. Yanagisawa and N. Tamura and Y. Idehara and H. Ishino and A. Kibayashi and M. Sakuda and Y. Kuno and M. Yoshida and Kim, {S. B.} and Yang, {B. S.} and T. Ishizuka and H. Okazawa and Y. Choi and Seo, {H. K.} and Y. Furuse and K. Nishijima and Y. Yokosawa and M. Koshiba and Y. Totsuka and Vagins, {M. R.} and S. Chen and Z. Deng and G. Gong and Y. Liu and T. Xue and D. Kielczewska and Berns, {H. G.} and Shiraishi, {K. K.} and E. Thrane and Wilkes, {R. J.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the Kamioka Mining and Smelting Company. Super-Kamiokande has been built and operated with funds provided by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation. This work has been partially supported by the Korean Research Foundation (BK21), the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10575056, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Japan.",

year = "2009",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "31",

pages = "320--328",

journal = "Astroparticle Physics",

issn = "0927-6505",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector

AU - Watanabe, H.

AU - Zhang, H.

AU - Abe, K.

AU - Hayato, Y.

AU - Iida, T.

AU - Ikeda, M.

AU - Kameda, J.

AU - Kobayashi, K.

AU - Koshio, Y.

AU - Miura, M.

AU - Moriyama, S.

AU - Nakahata, M.

AU - Nakayama, S.

AU - Obayashi, Y.

AU - Ogawa, H.

AU - Sekiya, H.

AU - Shiozawa, M.

AU - Suzuki, Y.

AU - Takeda, A.

AU - Takenaga, Y.

AU - Takeuchi, Y.

AU - Ueno, K.

AU - Ueshima, K.

AU - Yamada, S.

AU - Hazama, S.

AU - Higuchi, I.

AU - Ishihara, C.

AU - Kajita, T.

AU - Kaneyuki, K.

AU - Mitsuka, G.

AU - Nishino, H.

AU - Okumura, K.

AU - Tanimoto, N.

AU - Clark, S.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Dufour, F.

AU - Kearns, E.

AU - Likhoded, S.

AU - Litos, M.

AU - Raaf, J.

AU - Stone, J. L.

AU - Sulak, L. R.

AU - Wang, W.

AU - Goldhaber, M.

AU - Bays, K.

AU - Casper, D.

AU - Cravens, J. P.

AU - Dunmore, J.

AU - Griskevich, J.

AU - Kropp, W. R.

AU - Liu, D. W.

AU - Mine, S.

AU - Regis, C.

AU - Smy, M. B.

AU - Sobel, H. W.

AU - Ganezer, K. S.

AU - Hill, J.

AU - Keig, W. E.

AU - Jang, J. S.

AU - Jeong, I. S.

AU - Kim, J. Y.

AU - Lim, I. T.

AU - Fechner, M.

AU - Scholberg, K.

AU - Walter, C. W.

AU - Wendel, R.

AU - Tasaka, S.

AU - Guillian, G.

AU - Learned, J. G.

AU - Matsuno, S.

AU - Messier, M. D.

AU - Watanabe, Y.

AU - Hasegawa, T.

AU - Ishida, T.

AU - Ishii, T.

AU - Kobayashi, T.

AU - Nakadaira, T.

AU - Nakamura, K.

AU - Nishikawa, K.

AU - Oyama, Y.

AU - Sakashita, K.

AU - Sekiguchi, T.

AU - Tsukamoto, T.

AU - Suzuki, A. T.

AU - Ichikawa, A. K.

AU - Minamino, A.

AU - Nakaya, T.

AU - Yokoyama, M.

AU - Haines, T. J.

AU - Dazeley, S.

AU - Svoboda, R.

AU - Gran, R.

AU - Habig, A.

AU - Fukuda, Y.

AU - Itow, Y.

AU - Tanaka, T.

AU - Jung, C. K.

AU - McGrew, C.

AU - Sarrat, A.

AU - Terri, R.

AU - Yanagisawa, C.

AU - Tamura, N.

AU - Idehara, Y.

AU - Ishino, H.

AU - Kibayashi, A.

AU - Sakuda, M.

AU - Kuno, Y.

AU - Yoshida, M.

AU - Kim, S. B.

AU - Yang, B. S.

AU - Ishizuka, T.

AU - Okazawa, H.

AU - Choi, Y.

AU - Seo, H. K.

AU - Furuse, Y.

AU - Nishijima, K.

AU - Yokosawa, Y.

AU - Koshiba, M.

AU - Totsuka, Y.

AU - Vagins, M. R.

AU - Chen, S.

AU - Deng, Z.

AU - Gong, G.

AU - Liu, Y.

AU - Xue, T.

AU - Kielczewska, D.

AU - Berns, H. G.

AU - Shiraishi, K. K.

AU - Thrane, E.

AU - Wilkes, R. J.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the Kamioka Mining and Smelting Company. Super-Kamiokande has been built and operated with funds provided by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation. This work has been partially supported by the Korean Research Foundation (BK21), the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10575056, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Japan.

PY - 2009/5

Y1 - 2009/5

N2 - A first study of neutron tagging is conducted in Super-Kamiokande, a 50,000 ton water Cherenkov detector. The tagging efficiencies of thermal neutrons are evaluated in a 0.2% GdCl3-water solution and pure water. They are determined to be, respectively, 66.7% for events above 3 MeV and 20% with corresponding background probabilities of 2 × 10- 4 and 3 × 10- 2. This newly developed technique may enable water Cherenkov detectors to identify over(ν, ̄)e's from astrophysical sources as well as those produced by commercial reactors via the delayed coincidence scheme.

AB - A first study of neutron tagging is conducted in Super-Kamiokande, a 50,000 ton water Cherenkov detector. The tagging efficiencies of thermal neutrons are evaluated in a 0.2% GdCl3-water solution and pure water. They are determined to be, respectively, 66.7% for events above 3 MeV and 20% with corresponding background probabilities of 2 × 10- 4 and 3 × 10- 2. This newly developed technique may enable water Cherenkov detectors to identify over(ν, ̄)e's from astrophysical sources as well as those produced by commercial reactors via the delayed coincidence scheme.

KW - Gadolinium

KW - Neutron tagging

KW - Water Cherenkov detector

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67349170385&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=67349170385&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002

DO - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.03.002

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:67349170385

SN - 0927-6505

VL - 31

SP - 320

EP - 328

JO - Astroparticle Physics

JF - Astroparticle Physics

IS - 4

ER -

First study of neutron tagging with a water Cherenkov detector

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Bibliographical note

Keywords

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