High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey

D. R. Semler; R. Šuhada; K. A. Aird; M. L N Ashby; M. Bautz; M. Bayliss; G. Bazin; S. Bocquet; B. A. Benson; L. E. Bleem; M. Brodwin; J. E. Carlstrom; C. L. Chang; H. M. Cho; A. Clocchiatti; T. M. Crawford; A. T. Crites; T. De Haan; S. Desai; M. A. Dobbs; J. P. Dudley; R. J. Foley; E. M. George; M. D. Gladders; A. H. Gonzalez; N. W. Halverson; N. L. Harrington; F. W. High; G. P. Holder; W. L. Holzapfel; S. Hoover; J. D. Hrubes; C. Jones; M. Joy; R. Keisler; L. Knox; A. T. Lee; E. M. Leitch; J. Liu; M. Lueker; D. Luong-Van; A. Mantz; D. P. Marrone; M. McDonald; J. J. McMahon; J. Mehl; S. S. Meyer; L. Mocanu; J. J. Mohr; T. E. Montroy; S. S. Murray; T. Natoli; S. Padin; T. Plagge; C. Pryke; C. L. Reichardt; A. Rest; J. Ruel; J. E. Ruhl; B. R. Saliwanchik; A. Saro; J. T. Sayre; K. K. Schaffer; L. Shaw; E. Shirokoff; J. Song; H. G. Spieler; B. Stalder; Z. Staniszewski; A. A. Stark; K. Story; C. W. Stubbs; A. Van Engelen; K. Vanderlinde; J. D. Vieira; A. Vikhlinin; R. Williamson; O. Zahn; A. Zenteno

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183

High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey

D. R. Semler, R. Šuhada, K. A. Aird, M. L N Ashby, M. Bautz, M. Bayliss, G. Bazin, S. Bocquet, B. A. Benson, L. E. Bleem, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, H. M. Cho, A. Clocchiatti, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. De Haan, S. Desai, M. A. DobbsJ. P. Dudley, R. J. Foley, E. M. George, M. D. Gladders, A. H. Gonzalez, N. W. Halverson, N. L. Harrington, F. W. High, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, S. Hoover, J. D. Hrubes, C. Jones, M. Joy, R. Keisler, L. Knox, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, J. Liu, M. Lueker, D. Luong-Van, A. Mantz, D. P. Marrone, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, S. S. Meyer, L. Mocanu, J. J. Mohr, T. E. Montroy, S. S. Murray, T. Natoli, S. Padin, T. Plagge, C. Pryke, C. L. Reichardt, A. Rest, J. Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, B. R. Saliwanchik, A. Saro, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, L. Shaw, E. Shirokoff, J. Song, H. G. Spieler, B. Stalder, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, C. W. Stubbs, A. Van Engelen, K. Vanderlinde, J. D. Vieira, A. Vikhlinin, R. Williamson, O. Zahn, A. Zenteno

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg² observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (>3 × 10¹⁴ M _⊙h ^-170) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (c_SB) and cuspiness (α). We find that c _SBis better constrained. We measure c _SBfor the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4σ level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z c _SBdistribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	183
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	761
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183
State	Published - Dec 10 2012

Keywords

X-rays: galaxies: clusters
galaxies: clusters: general

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Semler, D. R., Šuhada, R., Aird, K. A., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Bocquet, S., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., ... Zenteno, A. (2012). High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey. Astrophysical Journal, 761(2), Article 183. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183

Semler, DR, Šuhada, R, Aird, KA, Ashby, MLN, Bautz, M, Bayliss, M, Bazin, G, Bocquet, S, Benson, BA, Bleem, LE, Brodwin, M, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Cho, HM, Clocchiatti, A, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, De Haan, T, Desai, S, Dobbs, MA, Dudley, JP, Foley, RJ, George, EM, Gladders, MD, Gonzalez, AH, Halverson, NW, Harrington, NL, High, FW, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hoover, S, Hrubes, JD, Jones, C, Joy, M, Keisler, R, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Liu, J, Lueker, M, Luong-Van, D, Mantz, A, Marrone, DP, McDonald, M, McMahon, JJ, Mehl, J, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, L, Mohr, JJ, Montroy, TE, Murray, SS, Natoli, T, Padin, S, Plagge, T, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Rest, A, Ruel, J, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Saro, A, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Shaw, L, Shirokoff, E, Song, J, Spieler, HG, Stalder, B, Staniszewski, Z, Stark, AA, Story, K, Stubbs, CW, Van Engelen, A, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, JD, Vikhlinin, A, Williamson, R, Zahn, O & Zenteno, A 2012, 'High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 761, no. 2, 183. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183

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title = "High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey",

abstract = "We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg2 observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (>3 × 1014 M ⊙h -170) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (cSB) and cuspiness (α). We find that c SBis better constrained. We measure c SBfor the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4σ level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z c SBdistribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time.",

keywords = "X-rays: galaxies: clusters, galaxies: clusters: general",

author = "Semler, {D. R.} and R. {\v S}uhada and Aird, {K. A.} and Ashby, {M. L N} and M. Bautz and M. Bayliss and G. Bazin and S. Bocquet and Benson, {B. A.} and Bleem, {L. E.} and M. Brodwin and Carlstrom, {J. E.} and Chang, {C. L.} and Cho, {H. M.} and A. Clocchiatti and Crawford, {T. M.} and Crites, {A. T.} and {De Haan}, T. and S. Desai and Dobbs, {M. A.} and Dudley, {J. P.} and Foley, {R. J.} and George, {E. M.} and Gladders, {M. D.} and Gonzalez, {A. H.} and Halverson, {N. W.} and Harrington, {N. L.} and High, {F. W.} and Holder, {G. P.} and Holzapfel, {W. L.} and S. Hoover and Hrubes, {J. D.} and C. Jones and M. Joy and R. Keisler and L. Knox and Lee, {A. T.} and Leitch, {E. M.} and J. Liu and M. Lueker and D. Luong-Van and A. Mantz and Marrone, {D. P.} and M. McDonald and McMahon, {J. J.} and J. Mehl and Meyer, {S. S.} and L. Mocanu and Mohr, {J. J.} and Montroy, {T. E.} and Murray, {S. S.} and T. Natoli and S. Padin and T. Plagge and C. Pryke and Reichardt, {C. L.} and A. Rest and J. Ruel and Ruhl, {J. E.} and Saliwanchik, {B. R.} and A. Saro and Sayre, {J. T.} and Schaffer, {K. K.} and L. Shaw and E. Shirokoff and J. Song and Spieler, {H. G.} and B. Stalder and Z. Staniszewski and Stark, {A. A.} and K. Story and Stubbs, {C. W.} and {Van Engelen}, A. and K. Vanderlinde and Vieira, {J. D.} and A. Vikhlinin and R. Williamson and O. Zahn and A. Zenteno",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey

AU - Semler, D. R.

AU - Šuhada, R.

AU - Aird, K. A.

AU - Ashby, M. L N

AU - Bautz, M.

AU - Bayliss, M.

AU - Bazin, G.

AU - Bocquet, S.

AU - Benson, B. A.

AU - Bleem, L. E.

AU - Brodwin, M.

AU - Carlstrom, J. E.

AU - Chang, C. L.

AU - Cho, H. M.

AU - Clocchiatti, A.

AU - Crawford, T. M.

AU - Crites, A. T.

AU - De Haan, T.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Dobbs, M. A.

AU - Dudley, J. P.

AU - Foley, R. J.

AU - George, E. M.

AU - Gladders, M. D.

AU - Gonzalez, A. H.

AU - Halverson, N. W.

AU - Harrington, N. L.

AU - High, F. W.

AU - Holder, G. P.

AU - Holzapfel, W. L.

AU - Hoover, S.

AU - Hrubes, J. D.

AU - Jones, C.

AU - Joy, M.

AU - Keisler, R.

AU - Knox, L.

AU - Lee, A. T.

AU - Leitch, E. M.

AU - Liu, J.

AU - Lueker, M.

AU - Luong-Van, D.

AU - Mantz, A.

AU - Marrone, D. P.

AU - McDonald, M.

AU - McMahon, J. J.

AU - Mehl, J.

AU - Meyer, S. S.

AU - Mocanu, L.

AU - Mohr, J. J.

AU - Montroy, T. E.

AU - Murray, S. S.

AU - Natoli, T.

AU - Padin, S.

AU - Plagge, T.

AU - Pryke, C.

AU - Reichardt, C. L.

AU - Rest, A.

AU - Ruel, J.

AU - Ruhl, J. E.

AU - Saliwanchik, B. R.

AU - Saro, A.

AU - Sayre, J. T.

AU - Schaffer, K. K.

AU - Shaw, L.

AU - Shirokoff, E.

AU - Song, J.

AU - Spieler, H. G.

AU - Stalder, B.

AU - Staniszewski, Z.

AU - Stark, A. A.

AU - Story, K.

AU - Stubbs, C. W.

AU - Van Engelen, A.

AU - Vanderlinde, K.

AU - Vieira, J. D.

AU - Vikhlinin, A.

AU - Williamson, R.

AU - Zahn, O.

AU - Zenteno, A.

PY - 2012/12/10

Y1 - 2012/12/10

N2 - We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg2 observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (>3 × 1014 M ⊙h -170) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (cSB) and cuspiness (α). We find that c SBis better constrained. We measure c SBfor the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4σ level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z c SBdistribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time.

AB - We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg2 observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (>3 × 1014 M ⊙h -170) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (cSB) and cuspiness (α). We find that c SBis better constrained. We measure c SBfor the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4σ level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z c SBdistribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time.

KW - X-rays: galaxies: clusters

KW - galaxies: clusters: general

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870777474&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84870777474&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:84870777474

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 761

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 183

ER -

High-redshift cool-core galaxy clusters detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the south pole telescope survey

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