Holocene Climate in the Northern Great Plains Inferred from Sediment Stratigraphy, Stable Isotopes, Carbonate Geochemistry, Diatoms, and Pollen at Moon Lake, North Dakota

Blas L. Valero-Garcés; Kathleen R. Laird; Sherilyn C. Fritz; Kerry Kelts; Emi Ito; Eric C. Grimm

doi:10.1006/qres.1997.1930

Holocene Climate in the Northern Great Plains Inferred from Sediment Stratigraphy, Stable Isotopes, Carbonate Geochemistry, Diatoms, and Pollen at Moon Lake, North Dakota

Blas L. Valero-Garcés, Kathleen R. Laird, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Kerry Kelts, Emi Ito, Eric C. Grimm

Earth and Environmental Sciences-Twin Cities

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Abstract

Seismic stratigraphy, sedimentary facies, pollen stratigraphy, diatom-inferred salinity, stable isotope (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C), and chemical composition (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) of authigenic carbonates from Moon Lake cores provide a congruent Holocene record of effective moisture for the eastern Northern Great Plains. Between 11,700 and 9500 ¹⁴C yr B.P., the climate was cool and moist. A gradual decrease in effective moisture occurred between 9500 and 7100 ¹⁴C yr B.P. A change at about 7100 ¹⁴C yr B.P. inaugurated the most arid period during the Holocene. Between 7100 and 4000 ¹⁴C yr B.P., three arid phases occurred at 6600-6200 ¹⁴C yr B.P., 5400-5200 ¹⁴C yr B.P., and 4800-4600 ¹⁴C yr B.P. Effective moisture generally increased after 4000 ¹⁴C yr B.P., but periods of low effective moisture occurred between 2900-2800 ¹⁴C yr B.P. and 1200-800 ¹⁴C yr B.P. The data also suggest high climatic variability during the last few centuries. Despite the overall congruence, the biological (diatom), sedimentological, isotopic, and chemical proxies were occassionally out of phase. At these times the evaporative process was not the only control of lake-water chemical and isotopic composition.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	359-369
Number of pages	11
Journal	Quaternary Research
Volume	48
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1930
State	Published - Nov 1997

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The research work in Moon Lake was supported by a grant to BLVG, KK, and EI from the donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society (PRF 28070-AC8); by National Science Foundation (ATM 94-1438) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NA36GP0302) grants to SF, Dan Engstrom, and EI; and by University of Minnesota funds. Antje Schwalb and Brian Haskell helped during the seismic surveys. Colleagues at the Limnological Research Center, especially Herb Wright, provided helpful discussions. We especially thank Charles G. Oviatt and an anonymous reviewer for suggestions that improved the manuscript. This is contribution 485 of the Limnological Research Center.

Keywords

Diatoms
Drought
Geochemistry
Holocene
Hydrology
Isotopes
Northern Great Plains
Paleoclimate
Paleolimnology
Saline lakes
Sedimentology

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Holocene Climate in the Northern Great Plains Inferred from Sediment Stratigraphy, Stable Isotopes, Carbonate Geochemistry, Diatoms, and Pollen at Moon Lake, North Dakota. / Valero-Garcés, Blas L.; Laird, Kathleen R.; Fritz, Sherilyn C. et al.
In: Quaternary Research, Vol. 48, No. 3, 11.1997, p. 359-369.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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abstract = "Seismic stratigraphy, sedimentary facies, pollen stratigraphy, diatom-inferred salinity, stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C), and chemical composition (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) of authigenic carbonates from Moon Lake cores provide a congruent Holocene record of effective moisture for the eastern Northern Great Plains. Between 11,700 and 9500 14C yr B.P., the climate was cool and moist. A gradual decrease in effective moisture occurred between 9500 and 7100 14C yr B.P. A change at about 7100 14C yr B.P. inaugurated the most arid period during the Holocene. Between 7100 and 4000 14C yr B.P., three arid phases occurred at 6600-6200 14C yr B.P., 5400-5200 14C yr B.P., and 4800-4600 14C yr B.P. Effective moisture generally increased after 4000 14C yr B.P., but periods of low effective moisture occurred between 2900-2800 14C yr B.P. and 1200-800 14C yr B.P. The data also suggest high climatic variability during the last few centuries. Despite the overall congruence, the biological (diatom), sedimentological, isotopic, and chemical proxies were occassionally out of phase. At these times the evaporative process was not the only control of lake-water chemical and isotopic composition.",

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AU - Ito, Emi

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N2 - Seismic stratigraphy, sedimentary facies, pollen stratigraphy, diatom-inferred salinity, stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C), and chemical composition (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) of authigenic carbonates from Moon Lake cores provide a congruent Holocene record of effective moisture for the eastern Northern Great Plains. Between 11,700 and 9500 14C yr B.P., the climate was cool and moist. A gradual decrease in effective moisture occurred between 9500 and 7100 14C yr B.P. A change at about 7100 14C yr B.P. inaugurated the most arid period during the Holocene. Between 7100 and 4000 14C yr B.P., three arid phases occurred at 6600-6200 14C yr B.P., 5400-5200 14C yr B.P., and 4800-4600 14C yr B.P. Effective moisture generally increased after 4000 14C yr B.P., but periods of low effective moisture occurred between 2900-2800 14C yr B.P. and 1200-800 14C yr B.P. The data also suggest high climatic variability during the last few centuries. Despite the overall congruence, the biological (diatom), sedimentological, isotopic, and chemical proxies were occassionally out of phase. At these times the evaporative process was not the only control of lake-water chemical and isotopic composition.

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Holocene Climate in the Northern Great Plains Inferred from Sediment Stratigraphy, Stable Isotopes, Carbonate Geochemistry, Diatoms, and Pollen at Moon Lake, North Dakota

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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