Improving the Thermal Stability of CIGS Photovoltaic Devices

Engineering & Materials Science

• Selenium 100%
• Gallium 91%
• Indium 83%
• Thermodynamic stability 66%
• Copper 52%
• Buffer layers 30%
• Plasmas 29%
• Electric space charge 28%
• Capacitance 18%
• Atomic layer deposition 16%
• Diffusion barriers 15%
• Conversion efficiency 11%
• Temperature 8%
• Hydrogen 8%
• Silicon 8%
• Electric potential 5%
• Hot Temperature 5%

Physics & Astronomy

• selenium 72%
• gallium 66%
• indium 61%
• thermal stability 56%
• absorbers 53%
• copper 45%
• oxynitrides 25%
• barrier layers 23%
• space charge 18%
• buffers 18%
• capacitance 17%
• hydrogen plasma 12%
• atomic layer epitaxy 11%
• damage 7%
• cycles 7%
• profiles 5%
• electric potential 5%
• silicon 5%
• performance 4%
• temperature 3%

Chemical Compounds

• Space Charge 82%
• Buffer Solution 41%
• Diffusion Barrier 40%
• Plasma 39%
• Diffusion 39%
• Atomic Layer Epitaxy 36%
• Resistance 20%
• Liquid Film 15%
• Surface 10%