Abstract
Background. There are few recent data on the rates of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections (OIs) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in care in the United States and Canada. Methods. We studiedHIV-infected participants in 16 cohorts in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) during 2000-2010. After excluding 16 737 (21%) with any AIDS-defining clinical events documented before NA-ACCORD enrollment, we analyzed incident OIs among the remaining 63 541 persons, most of whom received antiretroviral therapy during the observation. We calculated incidence rates per 100 person-years of observation (hereafter, "person-years") with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the first occurrence of any OI and select individual OIs during 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and 2008-2010. Results. A total of 63 541 persons contributed 261 573 person-years, of whom 5836 (9%) developed at least 1 OI. The incidence rate of any first OI decreased over the 3 observation periods, with 3.0 cases, 2.4 cases, and 1.5 cases per 100 person-years of observation during 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and 2008-2010, respectively (Ptrend<.001); the rates of most individual OIs decreased as well. During 2008-2010, the leading OIs included Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, esophageal candidiasis, and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex or Mycobacterium kansasii infection. Conclusions. For HIV-infected persons in care during 2000-2010, rates of first OI were relatively low and generally declined over this time.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 862-872 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Volume | 214 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 15 2016 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2016 Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Keywords
- AIDS-related opportunistic infections
- CD4 T-lymphocyte count
- HIV cohort studies
- combination antiretroviral therapy
- epidemiology
- incidence
- prophylaxis