Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate, the IAA-amide conjugates in the diploid strawberry achene, are hydrolyzed in growing seedlings

Qian Tang; Peng Yu; Molly Tillmann; Jerry D. Cohen; Janet P. Slovin

doi:10.1007/s00425-018-3061-0

Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate, the IAA-amide conjugates in the diploid strawberry achene, are hydrolyzed in growing seedlings

Qian Tang, Peng Yu, Molly Tillmann, Jerry D. Cohen, Janet P. Slovin

Horticultural Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Main conclusion: Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate are the stored auxin amino acid conjugates of the achene of the diploid strawberry and serve as sources of auxin during seedling growth. The edible part of the strawberry, a pseudocarp, has long been known to enlarge in response to auxin produced by the developing achenes, the botanical true fruit. Auxin homeostasis involves a complex interaction between biosynthesis, conjugate formation and hydrolysis, catabolism and transport. Strawberry tissues are capable of synthesizing auxin conjugates, and transcriptome data support the expression of genes involved in IAA conjugate formation and hydrolysis throughout embryo development and subsequent seedling growth. Using a highly sensitive and selective mass spectrometric method, we identified all the low molecular weight indole-auxin amino acid conjugates in achenes of F. vesca as consisting of indole-3-acetylaspartate (IAasp) and indole-3-acetylglutamate (IAglu). In contrast to what has been proposed to occur in Arabidopsis, we determined that IAasp and IAglu are hydrolyzed by seedlings to provide a source of free IAA for growth.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1073-1085
Number of pages	13
Journal	Planta
Volume	249
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-018-3061-0
State	Published - Apr 11 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgements This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases.

Funding Information:
This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, This is a U.S. government work and its text is not subject to copyright protection in the United States; however, its text may be subject to foreign copyright protection.

Keywords

Auxin conjugates
Conjugate hydrolysis
IAA amidohydrolase
Indole-3-acetic acid
Seed auxin precursors
Strawberry achenes
Woodland strawberry

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title = "Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate, the IAA-amide conjugates in the diploid strawberry achene, are hydrolyzed in growing seedlings",

abstract = "Main conclusion: Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate are the stored auxin amino acid conjugates of the achene of the diploid strawberry and serve as sources of auxin during seedling growth. The edible part of the strawberry, a pseudocarp, has long been known to enlarge in response to auxin produced by the developing achenes, the botanical true fruit. Auxin homeostasis involves a complex interaction between biosynthesis, conjugate formation and hydrolysis, catabolism and transport. Strawberry tissues are capable of synthesizing auxin conjugates, and transcriptome data support the expression of genes involved in IAA conjugate formation and hydrolysis throughout embryo development and subsequent seedling growth. Using a highly sensitive and selective mass spectrometric method, we identified all the low molecular weight indole-auxin amino acid conjugates in achenes of F. vesca as consisting of indole-3-acetylaspartate (IAasp) and indole-3-acetylglutamate (IAglu). In contrast to what has been proposed to occur in Arabidopsis, we determined that IAasp and IAglu are hydrolyzed by seedlings to provide a source of free IAA for growth.",

keywords = "Auxin conjugates, Conjugate hydrolysis, IAA amidohydrolase, Indole-3-acetic acid, Seed auxin precursors, Strawberry achenes, Woodland strawberry",

author = "Qian Tang and Peng Yu and Molly Tillmann and Cohen, {Jerry D.} and Slovin, {Janet P.}",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases. Funding Information: This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, This is a U.S. government work and its text is not subject to copyright protection in the United States; however, its text may be subject to foreign copyright protection.",

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AU - Tang, Qian

AU - Yu, Peng

AU - Tillmann, Molly

AU - Cohen, Jerry D.

AU - Slovin, Janet P.

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases. Funding Information: This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 8042-21220-254-00D, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive awards no. 2018-67011-28056 and 2018-67013-27503 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the NSF Plant Genome Research Program grant IOS-1238812 as well as support from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and by the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture. We thank Paul Fiesel for the synthesis of the [13C6]IAglu used in this study, Dr. Adrian Hegeman for help with figure graphics, and Dr. Laura Shannon for advice on the evolutionary analysis of the IAA amino acid conjugate hydrolases. Publisher Copyright: © 2018, This is a U.S. government work and its text is not subject to copyright protection in the United States; however, its text may be subject to foreign copyright protection.

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N2 - Main conclusion: Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate are the stored auxin amino acid conjugates of the achene of the diploid strawberry and serve as sources of auxin during seedling growth. The edible part of the strawberry, a pseudocarp, has long been known to enlarge in response to auxin produced by the developing achenes, the botanical true fruit. Auxin homeostasis involves a complex interaction between biosynthesis, conjugate formation and hydrolysis, catabolism and transport. Strawberry tissues are capable of synthesizing auxin conjugates, and transcriptome data support the expression of genes involved in IAA conjugate formation and hydrolysis throughout embryo development and subsequent seedling growth. Using a highly sensitive and selective mass spectrometric method, we identified all the low molecular weight indole-auxin amino acid conjugates in achenes of F. vesca as consisting of indole-3-acetylaspartate (IAasp) and indole-3-acetylglutamate (IAglu). In contrast to what has been proposed to occur in Arabidopsis, we determined that IAasp and IAglu are hydrolyzed by seedlings to provide a source of free IAA for growth.

AB - Main conclusion: Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate are the stored auxin amino acid conjugates of the achene of the diploid strawberry and serve as sources of auxin during seedling growth. The edible part of the strawberry, a pseudocarp, has long been known to enlarge in response to auxin produced by the developing achenes, the botanical true fruit. Auxin homeostasis involves a complex interaction between biosynthesis, conjugate formation and hydrolysis, catabolism and transport. Strawberry tissues are capable of synthesizing auxin conjugates, and transcriptome data support the expression of genes involved in IAA conjugate formation and hydrolysis throughout embryo development and subsequent seedling growth. Using a highly sensitive and selective mass spectrometric method, we identified all the low molecular weight indole-auxin amino acid conjugates in achenes of F. vesca as consisting of indole-3-acetylaspartate (IAasp) and indole-3-acetylglutamate (IAglu). In contrast to what has been proposed to occur in Arabidopsis, we determined that IAasp and IAglu are hydrolyzed by seedlings to provide a source of free IAA for growth.

KW - Auxin conjugates

KW - Conjugate hydrolysis

KW - IAA amidohydrolase

KW - Indole-3-acetic acid

KW - Seed auxin precursors

KW - Strawberry achenes

KW - Woodland strawberry

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ER -

Indole-3-acetylaspartate and indole-3-acetylglutamate, the IAA-amide conjugates in the diploid strawberry achene, are hydrolyzed in growing seedlings

Abstract

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Keywords

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