TY - JOUR
T1 - Innervation of the external urethral and external anal sphincters in higher primates
AU - Rockswold, Gaylan L.
AU - Bradley, William E.
AU - Chou, Shelley N.
PY - 1980/9/15
Y1 - 1980/9/15
N2 - Stimulating electrodes were placed on the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve to the external urethral and external anal sphincters. The proximity of the electrodes to the sphincters assured organ specificity. Evoked responses produced by stimulation of these terminal nerve branches were recorded in the fascicles and rootlets of the lower thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerve roots. By this method, the segmental spinal cord origin of the innervation of the external urethral and anal sphincters was determined for the Rhesus monkey and chimpanzee. The data indicated that the pudendal nerves to the urethral and anal sphincters in the Rhesus monkey arose from the sixth and seventh lumbar spinal segments and the first and second sacral spinal segments which are homologous to the S‐1 and S‐4 segments found to give innervation to these structures in the chimpanzee. The primate experiments thus indicate that the spinal origin of the pudendal nerve was more rostrally located by one segment or more than was the origin of the pelvic nerves to the urinary bladder.
AB - Stimulating electrodes were placed on the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve to the external urethral and external anal sphincters. The proximity of the electrodes to the sphincters assured organ specificity. Evoked responses produced by stimulation of these terminal nerve branches were recorded in the fascicles and rootlets of the lower thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerve roots. By this method, the segmental spinal cord origin of the innervation of the external urethral and anal sphincters was determined for the Rhesus monkey and chimpanzee. The data indicated that the pudendal nerves to the urethral and anal sphincters in the Rhesus monkey arose from the sixth and seventh lumbar spinal segments and the first and second sacral spinal segments which are homologous to the S‐1 and S‐4 segments found to give innervation to these structures in the chimpanzee. The primate experiments thus indicate that the spinal origin of the pudendal nerve was more rostrally located by one segment or more than was the origin of the pelvic nerves to the urinary bladder.
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U2 - 10.1002/cne.901930213
DO - 10.1002/cne.901930213
M3 - Article
C2 - 7440780
AN - SCOPUS:0019140910
SN - 0021-9967
VL - 193
SP - 521
EP - 528
JO - Journal of Comparative Neurology
JF - Journal of Comparative Neurology
IS - 2
ER -