TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-Term Outcomes of Single-Session Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Cerebellar Arteriovenous Malformation, with a Median Follow-Up of 10 Years
AU - Hasegawa, Hirotaka
AU - Hanakita, Shunya
AU - Shin, Masahiro
AU - Shojima, Masaaki
AU - Koga, Tomoyuki
AU - Takahashi, Wataru
AU - Sakuramachi, Madoka
AU - Nomoto, Akihiro K.
AU - Saito, Nobuhito
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Objective Cerebellar arteriovenous malformation (C-AVM) is poorly tolerated because of its aggressive natural history. The aim of this study was to delineate long-term outcomes of Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS) for C-AVM. Methods The outcomes of 45 patients who underwent GKRS for C-AVMs at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Event-free survival was defined as free from any neurologic deficits caused by AVMs or adverse phenomena from the treatment. Results The median age and follow-up were 41 years (range, 6–77 years) and 120 months (range, 5–291 months), respectively. The median volume and Pollock-Flickinger radiosurgical AVM score were 1.3 cm3 (range, 0.1–8.3 cm3) and 1.26 (range, 0.5–2.06), respectively. Actuarial obliteration rates were 46%, 75%, and 90% at 3, 5, and 6 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the maximal diameter ≤15 mm (P = 0.021) and margin dose >20 Gy (P = 0.0008) were significantly associated with better obliteration. Four patients experienced posttreatment hemorrhages, and annual hemorrhage rates were 1.9% and 0.30% before and after obliteration, respectively. One patient died because of hemorrhage, whereas the other 3 patients spontaneously recovered. Perifocal edema was confirmed in 8 (16%); however, no symptomatic edema was observed. Overall, neurologic deteriorations were noted in 4 patients; 3 were because of posttreatment hemorrhage, and 1 was because of pretreatment angiography. The event-free survival rates were 96%, 93%, and 93% at 4, 10, and 15 years, respectively. Conclusions GKRS is a reasonable intervention for C-AVMs. Symptomatic complications are rare, and the long-term outcomes are favorable.
AB - Objective Cerebellar arteriovenous malformation (C-AVM) is poorly tolerated because of its aggressive natural history. The aim of this study was to delineate long-term outcomes of Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS) for C-AVM. Methods The outcomes of 45 patients who underwent GKRS for C-AVMs at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Event-free survival was defined as free from any neurologic deficits caused by AVMs or adverse phenomena from the treatment. Results The median age and follow-up were 41 years (range, 6–77 years) and 120 months (range, 5–291 months), respectively. The median volume and Pollock-Flickinger radiosurgical AVM score were 1.3 cm3 (range, 0.1–8.3 cm3) and 1.26 (range, 0.5–2.06), respectively. Actuarial obliteration rates were 46%, 75%, and 90% at 3, 5, and 6 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the maximal diameter ≤15 mm (P = 0.021) and margin dose >20 Gy (P = 0.0008) were significantly associated with better obliteration. Four patients experienced posttreatment hemorrhages, and annual hemorrhage rates were 1.9% and 0.30% before and after obliteration, respectively. One patient died because of hemorrhage, whereas the other 3 patients spontaneously recovered. Perifocal edema was confirmed in 8 (16%); however, no symptomatic edema was observed. Overall, neurologic deteriorations were noted in 4 patients; 3 were because of posttreatment hemorrhage, and 1 was because of pretreatment angiography. The event-free survival rates were 96%, 93%, and 93% at 4, 10, and 15 years, respectively. Conclusions GKRS is a reasonable intervention for C-AVMs. Symptomatic complications are rare, and the long-term outcomes are favorable.
KW - Arteriovenous malformation
KW - Cerebellum
KW - Gamma Knife
KW - Intracranial hemorrhage
KW - Posterior fossa
KW - Stereotactic radiosurgery
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U2 - 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.10.137
DO - 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.10.137
M3 - Article
C2 - 27826088
AN - SCOPUS:85000398992
SN - 1878-8750
VL - 98
SP - 314
EP - 322
JO - World neurosurgery
JF - World neurosurgery
ER -