Longitudinal trends in gasoline price and physical activity: The CARDIA study

Ningqi Hou; Barry M. Popkin; David R. Jacobs; Yan Song; David K. Guilkey; Ka He; Cora E. Lewis; Penny Gordon-Larsen

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.02.007

Longitudinal trends in gasoline price and physical activity: The CARDIA study

Ningqi Hou, Barry M. Popkin, David R. Jacobs, Yan Song, David K. Guilkey, Ka He, Cora E. Lewis, Penny Gordon-Larsen

Epidemiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To investigate longitudinal associations between community-level gasoline price and physical activity (PA). Method: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, 5115 black and white participants aged 18-30 at baseline 1985-86 were recruited from four U.S. cities (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis and Oakland) and followed over time. We used data from 3 follow-up exams: 1992-93, 1995-96, and 2000-01, when the participants were located across 48 states. From questionnaire data, a total PA score was summarized in exercise units (EU) based on intensity and frequency of 13 PA categories. Using Geographic Information Systems, participants' residential locations were linked to county-level inflation-adjusted gasoline price data collected by the Council for Community & Economic Research. We used a random-effect longitudinal regression model to examine associations between time-varying gasoline price and time-varying PA, controlling for age, race, gender, baseline study center, and time-varying education, marital status, household income, county cost of living, county bus fare, census block-group poverty, and urbanicity. Results: Holding all control variables constant, a 25-cent increase in inflation-adjusted gasoline price was significantly associated with an increase of 9.9. EU in total PA (95% CI: 0.8-19.1). Conclusion: Rising prices of gasoline may be associated with an unintended increase in leisure PA.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	365-369
Number of pages	5
Journal	Preventive medicine
Volume	52
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.02.007
State	Published - May 1 2011

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Analysis is supported by R01-CA12115, R01-CA109831 and R01-HL104580. The CARDIA study is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [ N01-HC-95095 , N01-HC-48047-48050 , and N01-HC-05187 ]. Additional funding comes from NIH The CARDIA Fitness Study [ R01 HL078972 ] from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, UNC-CH Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (CEHS) [ NIH P30-ES10126 ], the UNC-CH Clinic Nutrition Research Center [ NIH DK56350 ], and the Carolina Population Center ; and from contracts with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Coordinating Center , N01-HC-95095 ; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Field Center , N01-HC-48047 ; University of Minnesota, Field Center , N01-HC-48048 ; Northwestern University, Field Center , N01-HC-48049 ; and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute , N01-HC-48050 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

Keywords

Economics
GIS
Longitudinal study
Obesity
Young adults

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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title = "Longitudinal trends in gasoline price and physical activity: The CARDIA study",

abstract = "Objective: To investigate longitudinal associations between community-level gasoline price and physical activity (PA). Method: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, 5115 black and white participants aged 18-30 at baseline 1985-86 were recruited from four U.S. cities (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis and Oakland) and followed over time. We used data from 3 follow-up exams: 1992-93, 1995-96, and 2000-01, when the participants were located across 48 states. From questionnaire data, a total PA score was summarized in exercise units (EU) based on intensity and frequency of 13 PA categories. Using Geographic Information Systems, participants' residential locations were linked to county-level inflation-adjusted gasoline price data collected by the Council for Community & Economic Research. We used a random-effect longitudinal regression model to examine associations between time-varying gasoline price and time-varying PA, controlling for age, race, gender, baseline study center, and time-varying education, marital status, household income, county cost of living, county bus fare, census block-group poverty, and urbanicity. Results: Holding all control variables constant, a 25-cent increase in inflation-adjusted gasoline price was significantly associated with an increase of 9.9. EU in total PA (95% CI: 0.8-19.1). Conclusion: Rising prices of gasoline may be associated with an unintended increase in leisure PA.",

keywords = "Economics, GIS, Longitudinal study, Obesity, Young adults",

author = "Ningqi Hou and Popkin, {Barry M.} and Jacobs, {David R.} and Yan Song and Guilkey, {David K.} and Ka He and Lewis, {Cora E.} and Penny Gordon-Larsen",

note = "Funding Information: Analysis is supported by R01-CA12115, R01-CA109831 and R01-HL104580. The CARDIA study is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [ N01-HC-95095 , N01-HC-48047-48050 , and N01-HC-05187 ]. Additional funding comes from NIH The CARDIA Fitness Study [ R01 HL078972 ] from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, UNC-CH Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (CEHS) [ NIH P30-ES10126 ], the UNC-CH Clinic Nutrition Research Center [ NIH DK56350 ], and the Carolina Population Center ; and from contracts with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Coordinating Center , N01-HC-95095 ; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Field Center , N01-HC-48047 ; University of Minnesota, Field Center , N01-HC-48048 ; Northwestern University, Field Center , N01-HC-48049 ; and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute , N01-HC-48050 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.",

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AU - Hou, Ningqi

AU - Popkin, Barry M.

AU - Jacobs, David R.

AU - Song, Yan

AU - Guilkey, David K.

AU - He, Ka

AU - Lewis, Cora E.

AU - Gordon-Larsen, Penny

N1 - Funding Information: Analysis is supported by R01-CA12115, R01-CA109831 and R01-HL104580. The CARDIA study is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [ N01-HC-95095 , N01-HC-48047-48050 , and N01-HC-05187 ]. Additional funding comes from NIH The CARDIA Fitness Study [ R01 HL078972 ] from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, UNC-CH Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (CEHS) [ NIH P30-ES10126 ], the UNC-CH Clinic Nutrition Research Center [ NIH DK56350 ], and the Carolina Population Center ; and from contracts with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Coordinating Center , N01-HC-95095 ; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Field Center , N01-HC-48047 ; University of Minnesota, Field Center , N01-HC-48048 ; Northwestern University, Field Center , N01-HC-48049 ; and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute , N01-HC-48050 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

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N2 - Objective: To investigate longitudinal associations between community-level gasoline price and physical activity (PA). Method: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, 5115 black and white participants aged 18-30 at baseline 1985-86 were recruited from four U.S. cities (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis and Oakland) and followed over time. We used data from 3 follow-up exams: 1992-93, 1995-96, and 2000-01, when the participants were located across 48 states. From questionnaire data, a total PA score was summarized in exercise units (EU) based on intensity and frequency of 13 PA categories. Using Geographic Information Systems, participants' residential locations were linked to county-level inflation-adjusted gasoline price data collected by the Council for Community & Economic Research. We used a random-effect longitudinal regression model to examine associations between time-varying gasoline price and time-varying PA, controlling for age, race, gender, baseline study center, and time-varying education, marital status, household income, county cost of living, county bus fare, census block-group poverty, and urbanicity. Results: Holding all control variables constant, a 25-cent increase in inflation-adjusted gasoline price was significantly associated with an increase of 9.9. EU in total PA (95% CI: 0.8-19.1). Conclusion: Rising prices of gasoline may be associated with an unintended increase in leisure PA.

AB - Objective: To investigate longitudinal associations between community-level gasoline price and physical activity (PA). Method: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, 5115 black and white participants aged 18-30 at baseline 1985-86 were recruited from four U.S. cities (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis and Oakland) and followed over time. We used data from 3 follow-up exams: 1992-93, 1995-96, and 2000-01, when the participants were located across 48 states. From questionnaire data, a total PA score was summarized in exercise units (EU) based on intensity and frequency of 13 PA categories. Using Geographic Information Systems, participants' residential locations were linked to county-level inflation-adjusted gasoline price data collected by the Council for Community & Economic Research. We used a random-effect longitudinal regression model to examine associations between time-varying gasoline price and time-varying PA, controlling for age, race, gender, baseline study center, and time-varying education, marital status, household income, county cost of living, county bus fare, census block-group poverty, and urbanicity. Results: Holding all control variables constant, a 25-cent increase in inflation-adjusted gasoline price was significantly associated with an increase of 9.9. EU in total PA (95% CI: 0.8-19.1). Conclusion: Rising prices of gasoline may be associated with an unintended increase in leisure PA.

KW - Economics

KW - GIS

KW - Longitudinal study

KW - Obesity

KW - Young adults

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Longitudinal trends in gasoline price and physical activity: The CARDIA study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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