Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO

M. Ambrosio; R. Antolini; G. Auriemma; D. Bakari; A. Baldini; G. C. Barbarino; B. C. Barish; G. Battistoni; R. Bellotti; C. Bemporad; P. Bernardini; H. Bilokon; V. Bisi; C. Bloise; C. Bower; M. Brigida; S. Bussino; F. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; D. Campana; M. Carboni; S. Cecchini; F. Cei; V. Chiarella; B. C. Choudhary; S. Coutu; G. De Cataldo; H. Dekhissi; C. De Marzo; I. De Mitri; J. Derkaoui; M. De Vincenzi; A. Di Credico; O. Erriquez; C. Favuzzi; C. Forti; P. Fusco; G. Giacomelli; G. Giannini; N. Giglietto; M. Giorgini; M. Grassi; L. Gray; A. Grillo; F. Guarino; C. Gustavino; A. Habig; K. Hanson; R. Heinz; E. Iarocci; E. Katsavounidis; I. Katsavounidis; E. Kearns; H. Kim; S. Kyriazopoulou; E. Lamanna; C. Lane; D. S. Levin; P. Lipari; N. P. Longley; M. J. Longo; F. Loparco; F. Maaroufi; G. Mancarella; G. Mandrioli; A. Margiotta; A. Marini; D. Martello; A. Marzari-Chiesa; M. N. Mazziotta; D. G. Michael; S. Mikheyev; L. Miller; P. Monacelli; T. Montaruli; M. Monteno; S. Mufson; J. Musser; D. Nicolòm; R. Nolty; C. Orth; G. Osteria; M. Ouchrif; O. Palamara; V. Patera; L. Patrizii; R. Pazzi; C. W. Peck; L. Perrone; S. Petrera; P. Pistilli; V. Popa; A. Rainòa; J. Reynoldson; F. Ronga; C. Satriano; L. Satta; E. Scapparone; K. Scholberg; A. Sciubba; P. Serra; M. Sioli; G. Sirri; M. Sitta; P. Spinelli; M. Spinetti; M. Spurio; R. Steinberg; J. L. Stone; L. R. Sulak; A. Surdo; G. Tarlè; V. Togo; M. Vakili; E. Vilela; C. W. Walter; R. Webb

doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7

Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO

M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, G. Auriemma, D. Bakari, A. Baldini, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistoni, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, V. Bisi, C. Bloise, C. Bower, M. Brigida, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, M. Calicchio, D. CampanaM. Carboni, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, B. C. Choudhary, S. Coutu, G. De Cataldo, H. Dekhissi, C. De Marzo, I. De Mitri, J. Derkaoui, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, O. Erriquez, C. Favuzzi, C. Forti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, M. Giorgini, M. Grassi, L. Gray, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, K. Hanson, R. Heinz, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, I. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, H. Kim, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, D. S. Levin, P. Lipari, N. P. Longley, M. J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Maaroufi, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, A. Margiotta, A. Marini, D. Martello, A. Marzari-Chiesa, M. N. Mazziotta, D. G. Michael, S. Mikheyev, L. Miller, P. Monacelli, T. Montaruli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Nicolòm, R. Nolty, C. Orth, G. Osteria, M. Ouchrif, O. Palamara, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, P. Pistilli, V. Popa, A. Rainòa, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, C. Satriano, L. Satta, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, P. Serra, M. Sioli, G. Sirri, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarlè, V. Togo, M. Vakili, E. Vilela, C. W. Walter, R. Webb

Physics & Astronomy (Duluth)

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Abstract

We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric v(μ) of average energy Ē(ν) ~ 4 GeV. In the first sample, a neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the apparatus. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.57 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.06(syst) ± 0.14(theor) with an angular distribution similar to that expected from the Bartol atmospheric neutrino flux. The second is a mixed sample of internally produced downward-going muons and externally produced upward-going muons stopping inside the detector. These two subsamples are selected by topological criteria; the lack of timing information makes it impossible to distinguish stopping from downgoing muons. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.71 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.07(syst) ± 0.18(theor). The observed deficits in each subsample is in agreement with neutrino oscillations, although the significance is reduced by the large theoretical errors. However, the ratio of the two samples causes a large cancellation of theoretical and of some systematic errors. With the ratio, we rule out the no-oscillation hypothesis at 95% c.1. Furthermore, the ratio tests the pathlength dependence of possible oscillations. The data of both samples and their ratio favor maximal mixing and Δm² ~ 10^-3-10^-2 eV². These parameters are in agreement with our results from upward throughgoing muons, induced by v(μ) of much higher energies. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	5-13
Number of pages	9
Journal	Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
Volume	478
Issue number	1-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7
State	Published - Apr 6 2000

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the support of the staff of the Gran Sasso Laboratory and of the Institutions participating in the experiment. We thank the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the US Department of Energy and the US National Science Foundation for their support. We thank INFN, FAI, ICTP (Trieste), NATO and WorldLab for providing fellowships and grants for non-Italian citizens.

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Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Bakari, D., Baldini, A., Barbarino, G. C., Barish, B. C., Battistoni, G., Bellotti, R., Bemporad, C., Bernardini, P., Bilokon, H., Bisi, V., Bloise, C., Bower, C., Brigida, M., Bussino, S., Cafagna, F., Calicchio, M., ... Webb, R. (2000). Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO. Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, 478(1-3), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7

Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Bakari, D, Baldini, A, Barbarino, GC, Barish, BC, Battistoni, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bower, C, Brigida, M, Bussino, S, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Choudhary, BC, Coutu, S, De Cataldo, G, Dekhissi, H, De Marzo, C, De Mitri, I, Derkaoui, J, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Forti, C, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giorgini, M, Grassi, M, Gray, L, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Hanson, K, Heinz, R, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Katsavounidis, I, Kearns, E, Kim, H, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Levin, DS, Lipari, P, Longley, NP, Longo, MJ, Loparco, F, Maaroufi, F, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Marzari-Chiesa, A, Mazziotta, MN, Michael, DG, Mikheyev, S, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Montaruli, T, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nicolòm, D, Nolty, R, Orth, C, Osteria, G, Ouchrif, M, Palamara, O, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, CW, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pistilli, P, Popa, V, Rainòa, A, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Serra, P, Sioli, M, Sirri, G, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steinberg, R, Stone, JL, Sulak, LR, Surdo, A, Tarlè, G, Togo, V, Vakili, M, Vilela, E, Walter, CW & Webb, R 2000, 'Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO', Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, vol. 478, no. 1-3, pp. 5-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7

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title = "Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO",

abstract = "We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric v(μ) of average energy Ē(ν) ~ 4 GeV. In the first sample, a neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the apparatus. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.57 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.06(syst) ± 0.14(theor) with an angular distribution similar to that expected from the Bartol atmospheric neutrino flux. The second is a mixed sample of internally produced downward-going muons and externally produced upward-going muons stopping inside the detector. These two subsamples are selected by topological criteria; the lack of timing information makes it impossible to distinguish stopping from downgoing muons. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.71 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.07(syst) ± 0.18(theor). The observed deficits in each subsample is in agreement with neutrino oscillations, although the significance is reduced by the large theoretical errors. However, the ratio of the two samples causes a large cancellation of theoretical and of some systematic errors. With the ratio, we rule out the no-oscillation hypothesis at 95% c.1. Furthermore, the ratio tests the pathlength dependence of possible oscillations. The data of both samples and their ratio favor maximal mixing and Δm2 ~ 10-3-10-2 eV2. These parameters are in agreement with our results from upward throughgoing muons, induced by v(μ) of much higher energies. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.",

author = "M. Ambrosio and R. Antolini and G. Auriemma and D. Bakari and A. Baldini and Barbarino, {G. C.} and Barish, {B. C.} and G. Battistoni and R. Bellotti and C. Bemporad and P. Bernardini and H. Bilokon and V. Bisi and C. Bloise and C. Bower and M. Brigida and S. Bussino and F. Cafagna and M. Calicchio and D. Campana and M. Carboni and S. Cecchini and F. Cei and V. Chiarella and Choudhary, {B. C.} and S. Coutu and {De Cataldo}, G. and H. Dekhissi and {De Marzo}, C. and {De Mitri}, I. and J. Derkaoui and {De Vincenzi}, M. and {Di Credico}, A. and O. Erriquez and C. Favuzzi and C. Forti and P. Fusco and G. Giacomelli and G. Giannini and N. Giglietto and M. Giorgini and M. Grassi and L. Gray and A. Grillo and F. Guarino and C. Gustavino and A. Habig and K. Hanson and R. Heinz and E. Iarocci and E. Katsavounidis and I. Katsavounidis and E. Kearns and H. Kim and S. Kyriazopoulou and E. Lamanna and C. Lane and Levin, {D. S.} and P. Lipari and Longley, {N. P.} and Longo, {M. J.} and F. Loparco and F. Maaroufi and G. Mancarella and G. Mandrioli and A. Margiotta and A. Marini and D. Martello and A. Marzari-Chiesa and Mazziotta, {M. N.} and Michael, {D. G.} and S. Mikheyev and L. Miller and P. Monacelli and T. Montaruli and M. Monteno and S. Mufson and J. Musser and D. Nicol{\`o}m and R. Nolty and C. Orth and G. Osteria and M. Ouchrif and O. Palamara and V. Patera and L. Patrizii and R. Pazzi and Peck, {C. W.} and L. Perrone and S. Petrera and P. Pistilli and V. Popa and A. Rain{\`o}a and J. Reynoldson and F. Ronga and C. Satriano and L. Satta and E. Scapparone and K. Scholberg and A. Sciubba and P. Serra and M. Sioli and G. Sirri and M. Sitta and P. Spinelli and M. Spinetti and M. Spurio and R. Steinberg and Stone, {J. L.} and Sulak, {L. R.} and A. Surdo and G. Tarl{\`e} and V. Togo and M. Vakili and E. Vilela and Walter, {C. W.} and R. Webb",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support of the staff of the Gran Sasso Laboratory and of the Institutions participating in the experiment. We thank the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the US Department of Energy and the US National Science Foundation for their support. We thank INFN, FAI, ICTP (Trieste), NATO and WorldLab for providing fellowships and grants for non-Italian citizens. ",

year = "2000",

month = apr,

day = "6",

doi = "10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "478",

pages = "5--13",

journal = "Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics",

issn = "0370-2693",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "1-3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO

AU - Ambrosio, M.

AU - Antolini, R.

AU - Auriemma, G.

AU - Bakari, D.

AU - Baldini, A.

AU - Barbarino, G. C.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Battistoni, G.

AU - Bellotti, R.

AU - Bemporad, C.

AU - Bernardini, P.

AU - Bilokon, H.

AU - Bisi, V.

AU - Bloise, C.

AU - Bower, C.

AU - Brigida, M.

AU - Bussino, S.

AU - Cafagna, F.

AU - Calicchio, M.

AU - Campana, D.

AU - Carboni, M.

AU - Cecchini, S.

AU - Cei, F.

AU - Chiarella, V.

AU - Choudhary, B. C.

AU - Coutu, S.

AU - De Cataldo, G.

AU - Dekhissi, H.

AU - De Marzo, C.

AU - De Mitri, I.

AU - Derkaoui, J.

AU - De Vincenzi, M.

AU - Di Credico, A.

AU - Erriquez, O.

AU - Favuzzi, C.

AU - Forti, C.

AU - Fusco, P.

AU - Giacomelli, G.

AU - Giannini, G.

AU - Giglietto, N.

AU - Giorgini, M.

AU - Grassi, M.

AU - Gray, L.

AU - Grillo, A.

AU - Guarino, F.

AU - Gustavino, C.

AU - Habig, A.

AU - Hanson, K.

AU - Heinz, R.

AU - Iarocci, E.

AU - Katsavounidis, E.

AU - Katsavounidis, I.

AU - Kearns, E.

AU - Kim, H.

AU - Kyriazopoulou, S.

AU - Lamanna, E.

AU - Lane, C.

AU - Levin, D. S.

AU - Lipari, P.

AU - Longley, N. P.

AU - Longo, M. J.

AU - Loparco, F.

AU - Maaroufi, F.

AU - Mancarella, G.

AU - Mandrioli, G.

AU - Margiotta, A.

AU - Marini, A.

AU - Martello, D.

AU - Marzari-Chiesa, A.

AU - Mazziotta, M. N.

AU - Michael, D. G.

AU - Mikheyev, S.

AU - Miller, L.

AU - Monacelli, P.

AU - Montaruli, T.

AU - Monteno, M.

AU - Mufson, S.

AU - Musser, J.

AU - Nicolòm, D.

AU - Nolty, R.

AU - Orth, C.

AU - Osteria, G.

AU - Ouchrif, M.

AU - Palamara, O.

AU - Patera, V.

AU - Patrizii, L.

AU - Pazzi, R.

AU - Peck, C. W.

AU - Perrone, L.

AU - Petrera, S.

AU - Pistilli, P.

AU - Popa, V.

AU - Rainòa, A.

AU - Reynoldson, J.

AU - Ronga, F.

AU - Satriano, C.

AU - Satta, L.

AU - Scapparone, E.

AU - Scholberg, K.

AU - Sciubba, A.

AU - Serra, P.

AU - Sioli, M.

AU - Sirri, G.

AU - Sitta, M.

AU - Spinelli, P.

AU - Spinetti, M.

AU - Spurio, M.

AU - Steinberg, R.

AU - Stone, J. L.

AU - Sulak, L. R.

AU - Surdo, A.

AU - Tarlè, G.

AU - Togo, V.

AU - Vakili, M.

AU - Vilela, E.

AU - Walter, C. W.

AU - Webb, R.

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge the support of the staff of the Gran Sasso Laboratory and of the Institutions participating in the experiment. We thank the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the US Department of Energy and the US National Science Foundation for their support. We thank INFN, FAI, ICTP (Trieste), NATO and WorldLab for providing fellowships and grants for non-Italian citizens.

PY - 2000/4/6

Y1 - 2000/4/6

N2 - We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric v(μ) of average energy Ē(ν) ~ 4 GeV. In the first sample, a neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the apparatus. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.57 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.06(syst) ± 0.14(theor) with an angular distribution similar to that expected from the Bartol atmospheric neutrino flux. The second is a mixed sample of internally produced downward-going muons and externally produced upward-going muons stopping inside the detector. These two subsamples are selected by topological criteria; the lack of timing information makes it impossible to distinguish stopping from downgoing muons. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.71 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.07(syst) ± 0.18(theor). The observed deficits in each subsample is in agreement with neutrino oscillations, although the significance is reduced by the large theoretical errors. However, the ratio of the two samples causes a large cancellation of theoretical and of some systematic errors. With the ratio, we rule out the no-oscillation hypothesis at 95% c.1. Furthermore, the ratio tests the pathlength dependence of possible oscillations. The data of both samples and their ratio favor maximal mixing and Δm2 ~ 10-3-10-2 eV2. These parameters are in agreement with our results from upward throughgoing muons, induced by v(μ) of much higher energies. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

AB - We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric v(μ) of average energy Ē(ν) ~ 4 GeV. In the first sample, a neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the apparatus. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.57 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.06(syst) ± 0.14(theor) with an angular distribution similar to that expected from the Bartol atmospheric neutrino flux. The second is a mixed sample of internally produced downward-going muons and externally produced upward-going muons stopping inside the detector. These two subsamples are selected by topological criteria; the lack of timing information makes it impossible to distinguish stopping from downgoing muons. The ratio of the number of observed to expected events is 0.71 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.07(syst) ± 0.18(theor). The observed deficits in each subsample is in agreement with neutrino oscillations, although the significance is reduced by the large theoretical errors. However, the ratio of the two samples causes a large cancellation of theoretical and of some systematic errors. With the ratio, we rule out the no-oscillation hypothesis at 95% c.1. Furthermore, the ratio tests the pathlength dependence of possible oscillations. The data of both samples and their ratio favor maximal mixing and Δm2 ~ 10-3-10-2 eV2. These parameters are in agreement with our results from upward throughgoing muons, induced by v(μ) of much higher energies. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034611573&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034611573&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7

DO - 10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00267-7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0034611573

SN - 0370-2693

VL - 478

SP - 5

EP - 13

JO - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

JF - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

IS - 1-3

ER -

Low energy atmospheric muon neutrinos in MACRO

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