Mating system evolution under strong pollen limitation: Evidence of disruptive selection through male and female fitness in Clarkia xantiana

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• pollen limitation 98%
• reproductive strategy 70%
• fitness 52%
• autogamy 51%
• floral trait 38%
• protandry 26%
• seed set 11%
• outcrossing 10%
• paternity 10%
• pollinator 8%
• reproductive success 8%
• phenotype 7%
• fertility 6%
• mutation 6%
• pollen 5%
• seed 5%
• rate 4%
• prediction 3%
• analysis 1%

Agriculture & Biology

• Clarkia xantiana 100%
• mating systems 55%
• selfing 41%
• pollen 41%
• floral characteristics 27%
• protandry 21%
• corolla 14%
• herkogamy 11%
• female fertility 9%
• male fertility 8%
• outcrossing 8%
• seed set 8%
• paternity 8%
• pollinators 7%
• reproductive success 7%
• mutation 5%
• prediction 5%
• phenotype 4%
• gender 4%
• seeds 3%