Mixed-methods design in biology education research: Approach and uses

Educational research often requires mixing different research methodologies to strengthen findings,better contextualize or explain results,or minimize the weaknesses of a single method. This article provides practical guidelines on how to conduct such research in biology education,with a focus on mixed-methods research (MMR) that uses both quantitative and qualitative inquiries. Specifically,the paper provides an overview of mixed-methods design typologies most relevant in biology education research. It also discusses common methodological issues that may arise in mixed-methods studies and ways to address them. The paper concludes with recommendations on how to report and write about MMR.