Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array

K. Bernlohr; A. Barnacka; Y. Becherini; O. Blanch Bigas; E. Carmona; P. Colin; G. Decerprit; F. Di Pierro; F. Dubois; C. Farnier; S. Funk; G. Hermann; J. A. Hinton; T. B. Humensky; B. Khelifi; T. Kihm; N. Komin; J. P. Lenain; G. Maier; D. Mazin; M. C. Medina; A. Moralejo; S. J. Nolan; S. Ohm; E. De Ona Wilhelmi; R. D. Parsons; M. Paz Arribas; G. Pedaletti; S. Pita; H. Prokoph; C. B. Rulten; U. Schwanke; M. Shayduk; V. Stamatescu; P. Vallania; S. Vorobiov; R. Wischnewski; T. Yoshikoshi; A. Zech

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.10.002

Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array

K. Bernlohr, A. Barnacka, Y. Becherini, O. Blanch Bigas, E. Carmona, P. Colin, G. Decerprit, F. Di Pierro, F. Dubois, C. Farnier, S. Funk, G. Hermann, J. A. Hinton, T. B. Humensky, B. Khelifi, T. Kihm, N. Komin, J. P. Lenain, G. Maier, D. MazinM. C. Medina, A. Moralejo, S. J. Nolan, S. Ohm, E. De Ona Wilhelmi, R. D. Parsons, M. Paz Arribas, G. Pedaletti, S. Pita, H. Prokoph, C. B. Rulten, U. Schwanke, M. Shayduk, V. Stamatescu, P. Vallania, S. Vorobiov, R. Wischnewski, T. Yoshikoshi, A. Zech

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

223 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescopes Array (CTA) is planned as the future instrument for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy with a wide energy range of four orders of magnitude and an improvement in sensitivity compared to current instruments of about an order of magnitude. Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool in the design of CTA. The ultimate goal of these simulations is tofind the most cost-effective solution for given physics goals and thus sensitivity goals or to find, for a given cost, the solution best suited for different types of targets with CTA. Apart from uncertain component cost estimates, the main problem in this procedure is the dependence on a huge number of configuration parameters, both in specifications of individual telescope types and in the array layout. This is addressed by simulation of a huge array intended as a superset of many different realistic array layouts, and also by simulation of array subsets for different telescope parameters. Different analysis methods-inuse with current installations andextended (or developed specifically) for CTA -are applied to the simulated data sets for deriving the expected sensitivity of CTA. In this paper we describe the current status of this iterative approach to optimize the CTA design and layout.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	171-188
Number of pages	18
Journal	Astroparticle Physics
Volume	43
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.10.002
State	Published - 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge support from the following agencies and organizations: Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MinCyT), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Argentina; State Committee of Science of Armenia; Ministry for Research, CNRS-INSU and CNRS-IN2P3, Irfu-CEA, ANR, France; Max Planck Society, BMBF, DESY, Helmholtz Association, Germany; MIUR, Italy; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland; MICINN support through the National R+D+I, CDTI funding plans and the CPAN and MultiDark Consolider-Ingenio 2010 program, Spain; Swedish Research Council, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences financed, Sweden; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society, Science and Technologies Facilities Council, Durham University, UK; National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, University of California, University of Chicago, Iowa State University, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics (INPAC-MRPI program), Washington University McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, USA. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme ([FP7/2007-2013] [FP7/2007-2011]) under grant agreement no. 262053 . S.O. acknowledges the support of the Humboldt Foundation by a Feodor-Lynen research fellowship.

Keywords

Cherenkov telescopes
Cosmic rays
Gamma rays
IACT technique
Monte Carlo simulations

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Bernlohr, K., Barnacka, A., Becherini, Y., Blanch Bigas, O., Carmona, E., Colin, P., Decerprit, G., Di Pierro, F., Dubois, F., Farnier, C., Funk, S., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Humensky, T. B., Khelifi, B., Kihm, T., Komin, N., Lenain, J. P., Maier, G., ... Zech, A. (2013). Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array. Astroparticle Physics, 43, 171-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.10.002

Bernlohr, K, Barnacka, A, Becherini, Y, Blanch Bigas, O, Carmona, E, Colin, P, Decerprit, G, Di Pierro, F, Dubois, F, Farnier, C, Funk, S, Hermann, G, Hinton, JA, Humensky, TB, Khelifi, B, Kihm, T, Komin, N, Lenain, JP, Maier, G, Mazin, D, Medina, MC, Moralejo, A, Nolan, SJ, Ohm, S, De Ona Wilhelmi, E, Parsons, RD, Paz Arribas, M, Pedaletti, G, Pita, S, Prokoph, H, Rulten, CB, Schwanke, U, Shayduk, M, Stamatescu, V, Vallania, P, Vorobiov, S, Wischnewski, R, Yoshikoshi, T & Zech, A 2013, 'Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array', Astroparticle Physics, vol. 43, pp. 171-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.10.002

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title = "Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array",

abstract = "The Cherenkov Telescopes Array (CTA) is planned as the future instrument for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy with a wide energy range of four orders of magnitude and an improvement in sensitivity compared to current instruments of about an order of magnitude. Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool in the design of CTA. The ultimate goal of these simulations is tofind the most cost-effective solution for given physics goals and thus sensitivity goals or to find, for a given cost, the solution best suited for different types of targets with CTA. Apart from uncertain component cost estimates, the main problem in this procedure is the dependence on a huge number of configuration parameters, both in specifications of individual telescope types and in the array layout. This is addressed by simulation of a huge array intended as a superset of many different realistic array layouts, and also by simulation of array subsets for different telescope parameters. Different analysis methods-inuse with current installations andextended (or developed specifically) for CTA -are applied to the simulated data sets for deriving the expected sensitivity of CTA. In this paper we describe the current status of this iterative approach to optimize the CTA design and layout.",

keywords = "Cherenkov telescopes, Cosmic rays, Gamma rays, IACT technique, Monte Carlo simulations",

author = "K. Bernlohr and A. Barnacka and Y. Becherini and {Blanch Bigas}, O. and E. Carmona and P. Colin and G. Decerprit and {Di Pierro}, F. and F. Dubois and C. Farnier and S. Funk and G. Hermann and Hinton, {J. A.} and Humensky, {T. B.} and B. Khelifi and T. Kihm and N. Komin and Lenain, {J. P.} and G. Maier and D. Mazin and Medina, {M. C.} and A. Moralejo and Nolan, {S. J.} and S. Ohm and {De Ona Wilhelmi}, E. and Parsons, {R. D.} and {Paz Arribas}, M. and G. Pedaletti and S. Pita and H. Prokoph and Rulten, {C. B.} and U. Schwanke and M. Shayduk and V. Stamatescu and P. Vallania and S. Vorobiov and R. Wischnewski and T. Yoshikoshi and A. Zech",

note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge support from the following agencies and organizations: Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog{\'i}a e Innovaci{\'o}n Productiva (MinCyT), Comisi{\'o}n Nacional de Energ{\'i}a At{\'o}mica (CNEA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient{\'i}ficas y T{\'e}cnicas (CONICET) Argentina; State Committee of Science of Armenia; Ministry for Research, CNRS-INSU and CNRS-IN2P3, Irfu-CEA, ANR, France; Max Planck Society, BMBF, DESY, Helmholtz Association, Germany; MIUR, Italy; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland; MICINN support through the National R+D+I, CDTI funding plans and the CPAN and MultiDark Consolider-Ingenio 2010 program, Spain; Swedish Research Council, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences financed, Sweden; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society, Science and Technologies Facilities Council, Durham University, UK; National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, University of California, University of Chicago, Iowa State University, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics (INPAC-MRPI program), Washington University McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, USA. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Seventh Framework Programme ([FP7/2007-2013] [FP7/2007-2011]) under grant agreement no. 262053 . S.O. acknowledges the support of the Humboldt Foundation by a Feodor-Lynen research fellowship.",

year = "2013",

doi = "10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.10.002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "43",

pages = "171--188",

journal = "Astroparticle Physics",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array

AU - Bernlohr, K.

AU - Barnacka, A.

AU - Becherini, Y.

AU - Blanch Bigas, O.

AU - Carmona, E.

AU - Colin, P.

AU - Decerprit, G.

AU - Di Pierro, F.

AU - Dubois, F.

AU - Farnier, C.

AU - Funk, S.

AU - Hermann, G.

AU - Hinton, J. A.

AU - Humensky, T. B.

AU - Khelifi, B.

AU - Kihm, T.

AU - Komin, N.

AU - Lenain, J. P.

AU - Maier, G.

AU - Mazin, D.

AU - Medina, M. C.

AU - Moralejo, A.

AU - Nolan, S. J.

AU - Ohm, S.

AU - De Ona Wilhelmi, E.

AU - Parsons, R. D.

AU - Paz Arribas, M.

AU - Pedaletti, G.

AU - Pita, S.

AU - Prokoph, H.

AU - Rulten, C. B.

AU - Schwanke, U.

AU - Shayduk, M.

AU - Stamatescu, V.

AU - Vallania, P.

AU - Vorobiov, S.

AU - Wischnewski, R.

AU - Yoshikoshi, T.

AU - Zech, A.

N1 - Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge support from the following agencies and organizations: Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MinCyT), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Argentina; State Committee of Science of Armenia; Ministry for Research, CNRS-INSU and CNRS-IN2P3, Irfu-CEA, ANR, France; Max Planck Society, BMBF, DESY, Helmholtz Association, Germany; MIUR, Italy; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland; MICINN support through the National R+D+I, CDTI funding plans and the CPAN and MultiDark Consolider-Ingenio 2010 program, Spain; Swedish Research Council, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences financed, Sweden; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society, Science and Technologies Facilities Council, Durham University, UK; National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, University of California, University of Chicago, Iowa State University, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics (INPAC-MRPI program), Washington University McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, USA. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme ([FP7/2007-2013] [FP7/2007-2011]) under grant agreement no. 262053 . S.O. acknowledges the support of the Humboldt Foundation by a Feodor-Lynen research fellowship.

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - The Cherenkov Telescopes Array (CTA) is planned as the future instrument for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy with a wide energy range of four orders of magnitude and an improvement in sensitivity compared to current instruments of about an order of magnitude. Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool in the design of CTA. The ultimate goal of these simulations is tofind the most cost-effective solution for given physics goals and thus sensitivity goals or to find, for a given cost, the solution best suited for different types of targets with CTA. Apart from uncertain component cost estimates, the main problem in this procedure is the dependence on a huge number of configuration parameters, both in specifications of individual telescope types and in the array layout. This is addressed by simulation of a huge array intended as a superset of many different realistic array layouts, and also by simulation of array subsets for different telescope parameters. Different analysis methods-inuse with current installations andextended (or developed specifically) for CTA -are applied to the simulated data sets for deriving the expected sensitivity of CTA. In this paper we describe the current status of this iterative approach to optimize the CTA design and layout.

AB - The Cherenkov Telescopes Array (CTA) is planned as the future instrument for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy with a wide energy range of four orders of magnitude and an improvement in sensitivity compared to current instruments of about an order of magnitude. Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool in the design of CTA. The ultimate goal of these simulations is tofind the most cost-effective solution for given physics goals and thus sensitivity goals or to find, for a given cost, the solution best suited for different types of targets with CTA. Apart from uncertain component cost estimates, the main problem in this procedure is the dependence on a huge number of configuration parameters, both in specifications of individual telescope types and in the array layout. This is addressed by simulation of a huge array intended as a superset of many different realistic array layouts, and also by simulation of array subsets for different telescope parameters. Different analysis methods-inuse with current installations andextended (or developed specifically) for CTA -are applied to the simulated data sets for deriving the expected sensitivity of CTA. In this paper we describe the current status of this iterative approach to optimize the CTA design and layout.

KW - Cherenkov telescopes

KW - Cosmic rays

KW - Gamma rays

KW - IACT technique

KW - Monte Carlo simulations

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VL - 43

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JO - Astroparticle Physics

JF - Astroparticle Physics

ER -

Monte carlo design studies for the cherenkov telescope array

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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