Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

Patrick L. Kelly; Steven A. Rodney; Tommaso Treu; Ryan J. Foley; Gabriel Brammer; Kasper B. Schmidt; Adi Zitrin; Alessandro Sonnenfeld; Louis Gregory Strolger; Or Graur; Alexei V. Filippenko; Saurabh W. Jha; Adam G. Riess; Marusa Bradac; Benjamin J. Weiner; Daniel Scolnic; Matthew A. Malkan; Anja Von Der Linden; Michele Trenti; Jens Hjorth; Raphael Gavazzi; Adriano Fontana; Julian C. Merten; Curtis McCully; Tucker Jones; Marc Postman; Alan Dressler; Brandon Patel; S. Bradley Cenko; Melissa L. Graham; Bradley E. Tucker

doi:10.1126/science.aaa3350

Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

Patrick L. Kelly, Steven A. Rodney, Tommaso Treu, Ryan J. Foley, Gabriel Brammer, Kasper B. Schmidt, Adi Zitrin, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Louis Gregory Strolger, Or Graur, Alexei V. Filippenko, Saurabh W. Jha, Adam G. Riess, Marusa Bradac, Benjamin J. Weiner, Daniel Scolnic, Matthew A. Malkan, Anja Von Der Linden, Michele Trenti, Jens HjorthRaphael Gavazzi, Adriano Fontana, Julian C. Merten, Curtis McCully, Tucker Jones, Marc Postman, Alan Dressler, Brandon Patel, S. Bradley Cenko, Melissa L. Graham, Bradley E. Tucker

Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics

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203 Scopus citations

Abstract

In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1123-1126
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	347
Issue number	6226
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350
State	Published - Mar 6 2015

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Kelly, P. L., Rodney, S. A., Treu, T., Foley, R. J., Brammer, G., Schmidt, K. B., Zitrin, A., Sonnenfeld, A., Strolger, L. G., Graur, O., Filippenko, A. V., Jha, S. W., Riess, A. G., Bradac, M., Weiner, B. J., Scolnic, D., Malkan, M. A., Von Der Linden, A., Trenti, M., ... Tucker, B. E. (2015). Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens. Science, 347(6226), 1123-1126. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350

Kelly, PL, Rodney, SA, Treu, T, Foley, RJ, Brammer, G, Schmidt, KB, Zitrin, A, Sonnenfeld, A, Strolger, LG, Graur, O, Filippenko, AV, Jha, SW, Riess, AG, Bradac, M, Weiner, BJ, Scolnic, D, Malkan, MA, Von Der Linden, A, Trenti, M, Hjorth, J, Gavazzi, R, Fontana, A, Merten, JC, McCully, C, Jones, T, Postman, M, Dressler, A, Patel, B, Cenko, SB, Graham, ML & Tucker, BE 2015, 'Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens', Science, vol. 347, no. 6226, pp. 1123-1126. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350

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abstract = "In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.",

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AU - Treu, Tommaso

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AU - Brammer, Gabriel

AU - Schmidt, Kasper B.

AU - Zitrin, Adi

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AU - Strolger, Louis Gregory

AU - Graur, Or

AU - Filippenko, Alexei V.

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AU - Weiner, Benjamin J.

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AU - Malkan, Matthew A.

AU - Von Der Linden, Anja

AU - Trenti, Michele

AU - Hjorth, Jens

AU - Gavazzi, Raphael

AU - Fontana, Adriano

AU - Merten, Julian C.

AU - McCully, Curtis

AU - Jones, Tucker

AU - Postman, Marc

AU - Dressler, Alan

AU - Patel, Brandon

AU - Cenko, S. Bradley

AU - Graham, Melissa L.

AU - Tucker, Bradley E.

PY - 2015/3/6

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Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

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