Neutrinos and the supernova origin of the elements

Yong Zhong Qian

doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(00)00961-0

Neutrinos and the supernova origin of the elements

Yong Zhong Qian

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Intense fluxes of neutrinos are emitted by the hot neutron star produced in a supernova. The average supernova neutrino energies satisfy a robust hierarchy.(E_νe) < (E_νe) < (E_νμ(τ)) ≈ (E_νμ(τ)). The v_e and v̄_e capture rections on neutrons and protons, respectively, provide heating to drive a wind from the hot neutron star. The same reactions also determine the neutron-richness of the wind material. Nucleosynthesis via rapid neutron capture, the r-process, may occur in the wind material as it expands away from the neutron star. The neutron-richness of the wind material, and hence, the r-process nucleosynthesis therein, are sensitive to mixing between ν_μ(τ)/ν̄_μ(τ) and ν_e/ν̄_e (or sterile neutrinos ν_s/ν̄_s) at the level of sin² 2θ ≲ 10^-4 for δm² ≳ 1 eV². Indirect arguments and direct tests for the supernova origin of the r-process elements are discussed with a goal to establish supernova r-process nucleosynthesis as an important probe for neutrino mixing.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	345-350
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
Volume	91
Issue number	1-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(00)00961-0
State	Published - Jan 2001

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supportedi n part by the Departmenot f Energy under grant DE-FG02-87ER40328.

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title = "Neutrinos and the supernova origin of the elements",

abstract = "Intense fluxes of neutrinos are emitted by the hot neutron star produced in a supernova. The average supernova neutrino energies satisfy a robust hierarchy.(Eνe) < (Eνe) < (Eνμ(τ)) ≈ (Eνμ(τ)). The ve and {\=v}e capture rections on neutrons and protons, respectively, provide heating to drive a wind from the hot neutron star. The same reactions also determine the neutron-richness of the wind material. Nucleosynthesis via rapid neutron capture, the r-process, may occur in the wind material as it expands away from the neutron star. The neutron-richness of the wind material, and hence, the r-process nucleosynthesis therein, are sensitive to mixing between νμ(τ)/{\=ν}μ(τ) and νe/{\=ν}e (or sterile neutrinos νs/{\=ν}s) at the level of sin2 2θ ≲ 10-4 for δm2 ≳ 1 eV2. Indirect arguments and direct tests for the supernova origin of the r-process elements are discussed with a goal to establish supernova r-process nucleosynthesis as an important probe for neutrino mixing.",

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AB - Intense fluxes of neutrinos are emitted by the hot neutron star produced in a supernova. The average supernova neutrino energies satisfy a robust hierarchy.(Eνe) < (Eνe) < (Eνμ(τ)) ≈ (Eνμ(τ)). The ve and v̄e capture rections on neutrons and protons, respectively, provide heating to drive a wind from the hot neutron star. The same reactions also determine the neutron-richness of the wind material. Nucleosynthesis via rapid neutron capture, the r-process, may occur in the wind material as it expands away from the neutron star. The neutron-richness of the wind material, and hence, the r-process nucleosynthesis therein, are sensitive to mixing between νμ(τ)/ν̄μ(τ) and νe/ν̄e (or sterile neutrinos νs/ν̄s) at the level of sin2 2θ ≲ 10-4 for δm2 ≳ 1 eV2. Indirect arguments and direct tests for the supernova origin of the r-process elements are discussed with a goal to establish supernova r-process nucleosynthesis as an important probe for neutrino mixing.

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Neutrinos and the supernova origin of the elements

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