TY - JOUR
T1 - Novel targeted therapeutics for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
AU - Antonarakis, Emmanuel S.
AU - Carducci, Michael A.
AU - Eisenberger, Mario A.
PY - 2010/5/1
Y1 - 2010/5/1
N2 - Virtually all patients that succumb to prostate cancer die of metastatic castration-resistant disease. Although docetaxel is the standard of care for these patients and is associated with a modest prolongation of survival, there is an urgent need for novel treatment strategies for metastatic prostate cancer. In the last several years, great strides have been made in our understanding of the biological and molecular mechanisms driving prostate cancer growth and progression, and this has resulted in widespread clinical testing of numerous new targeted therapies. This review discusses some of the key therapeutic agents that have emerged for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in the last 5 years, with an emphasis on both molecular targets and clinical trial design. These agents include mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway inhibitors, anti-angiogenic drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway inhibitors, apoptosis-inducing drugs, endothelin receptor antagonists, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) ligand inhibitors, vitamin D analogues, cytochrome P17 enzyme inhibitors, androgen receptor modulators, epigenetic therapies, vaccine therapies, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 blocking agents.
AB - Virtually all patients that succumb to prostate cancer die of metastatic castration-resistant disease. Although docetaxel is the standard of care for these patients and is associated with a modest prolongation of survival, there is an urgent need for novel treatment strategies for metastatic prostate cancer. In the last several years, great strides have been made in our understanding of the biological and molecular mechanisms driving prostate cancer growth and progression, and this has resulted in widespread clinical testing of numerous new targeted therapies. This review discusses some of the key therapeutic agents that have emerged for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in the last 5 years, with an emphasis on both molecular targets and clinical trial design. These agents include mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway inhibitors, anti-angiogenic drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway inhibitors, apoptosis-inducing drugs, endothelin receptor antagonists, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) ligand inhibitors, vitamin D analogues, cytochrome P17 enzyme inhibitors, androgen receptor modulators, epigenetic therapies, vaccine therapies, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 blocking agents.
KW - Clinical trials
KW - Drug development
KW - Immune therapies
KW - Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
KW - Molecular targets
KW - Targeted therapies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77949875831&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77949875831&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.08.012
DO - 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.08.012
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19717225
AN - SCOPUS:77949875831
SN - 0304-3835
VL - 291
SP - 1
EP - 13
JO - Cancer Letters
JF - Cancer Letters
IS - 1
ER -