Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

K. S. Karkare; P. A.R. Ade; Z. Ahmed; K. D. Alexander; M. Amiri; D. Barkats; S. J. Benton; C. A. Bischoff; J. J. Bock; H. Boenish; R. Bowens-Rubin; I. Buder; E. Bullock; V. Buza; J. Connors; J. P. Filippini; S. T. Fliescher; J. A. Grayson; M. Halpern; S. A. Harrison; G. C. Hilton; V. V. Hristov; H. Hui; K. D. Irwin; J. H. Kang; E. Karpel; S. Kefeli; S. A. Kernasovskiy; J. M. Kovac; C. L. Kuo; E. M. Leitch; M. Lueker; K. G. Megerian; V. Monticue; T. Namikawa; C. B. Netterfield; H. T. Nguyen; R. O'Brient; R. W. Ogburn; C. L. Pryke; C. D. Reintsema; S. Richter; M. T. St Germaine; R. Schwarz; C. D. Sheehy; Z. K. Staniszewski; B. Steinbach; G. P. Teply; K. L. Thompson; J. E. Tolan; C. Tucker; A. D. Turner; A. G. Vieregg; A. Wandui; A. Weber; J. Willmert; C. L. Wong; W. L.K. Wu; K. W. Yoon

doi:10.1117/12.2231747

Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

K. S. Karkare, P. A.R. Ade, Z. Ahmed, K. D. Alexander, M. Amiri, D. Barkats, S. J. Benton, C. A. Bischoff, J. J. Bock, H. Boenish, R. Bowens-Rubin, I. Buder, E. Bullock, V. Buza, J. Connors, J. P. Filippini, S. T. Fliescher, J. A. Grayson, M. Halpern, S. A. HarrisonG. C. Hilton, V. V. Hristov, H. Hui, K. D. Irwin, J. H. Kang, E. Karpel, S. Kefeli, S. A. Kernasovskiy, J. M. Kovac, C. L. Kuo, E. M. Leitch, M. Lueker, K. G. Megerian, V. Monticue, T. Namikawa, C. B. Netterfield, H. T. Nguyen, R. O'Brient, R. W. Ogburn, C. L. Pryke, C. D. Reintsema, S. Richter, M. T. St Germaine, R. Schwarz, C. D. Sheehy, Z. K. Staniszewski, B. Steinbach, G. P. Teply, K. L. Thompson, J. E. Tolan, C. Tucker, A. D. Turner, A. G. Vieregg, A. Wandui, A. Weber, J. Willmert, C. L. Wong, W. L.K. Wu, K. W. Yoon

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

BICEP3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the Bicep/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, BICEP3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for Bicep2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of Bicep3's differential beam mismatch - and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis - will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII
Editors	Jonas Zmuidzinas, Wayne S. Holland
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510602076
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231747
State	Published - 2016
Event	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII - Edinburgh, United Kingdom Duration: Jun 28 2016 → Jul 1 2016

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	9914
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Other

Other	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII
Country/Territory	United Kingdom
City	Edinburgh
Period	6/28/16 → 7/1/16

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The Bicep3 project has been made possible through support from the National Science Foundation (grant Nos. 1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, and 0960243), the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the British Columbia Development Fund. The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and grants 06-ARPA206-0040 and 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA ARPA and SAT programs. The development and testing of focal planes were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech. The computations in these proceedings were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene Coyle, Kathy Deniston, Donna Hernandez, and Dana Volponi. We are grateful to Samuel Harrison and Hans Boenish as our 2015 and 2016 winterovers, respectively. We thank the staff of the US Antarctic Program and in particular the South Pole Station without whose help this research would not have been possible. We thank our Bicep1, Bicep2, Keck Array and Spider colleagues for useful discussions and shared expertise.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 SPIE.

Keywords

BICEP
Cosmic microwave background
Gravitational waves
Inflation
Polarization

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10.1117/12.2231747

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/72046/1/991430.pdf

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Karkare, K. S., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Alexander, K. D., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bowens-Rubin, R., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S. T., Grayson, J. A., Halpern, M., ... Yoon, K. W. (2016). Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole. In J. Zmuidzinas, & W. S. Holland (Eds.), Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII Article 991430 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 9914). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231747

Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole. / Karkare, K. S.; Ade, P. A.R.; Ahmed, Z. et al.
Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII. ed. / Jonas Zmuidzinas; Wayne S. Holland. SPIE, 2016. 991430 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 9914).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Karkare, KS, Ade, PAR, Ahmed, Z, Alexander, KD, Amiri, M, Barkats, D, Benton, SJ, Bischoff, CA, Bock, JJ, Boenish, H, Bowens-Rubin, R, Buder, I, Bullock, E, Buza, V, Connors, J, Filippini, JP, Fliescher, ST, Grayson, JA, Halpern, M, Harrison, SA, Hilton, GC, Hristov, VV, Hui, H, Irwin, KD, Kang, JH, Karpel, E, Kefeli, S, Kernasovskiy, SA, Kovac, JM, Kuo, CL, Leitch, EM, Lueker, M, Megerian, KG, Monticue, V, Namikawa, T, Netterfield, CB, Nguyen, HT, O'Brient, R, Ogburn, RW, Pryke, CL, Reintsema, CD, Richter, S, St Germaine, MT, Schwarz, R, Sheehy, CD, Staniszewski, ZK, Steinbach, B, Teply, GP, Thompson, KL, Tolan, JE, Tucker, C, Turner, AD, Vieregg, AG, Wandui, A, Weber, A, Willmert, J, Wong, CL, Wu, WLK & Yoon, KW 2016, Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole. in J Zmuidzinas & WS Holland (eds), Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII., 991430, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 9914, SPIE, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 6/28/16. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231747

Karkare KS, Ade PAR, Ahmed Z, Alexander KD, Amiri M, Barkats D et al. Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole. In Zmuidzinas J, Holland WS, editors, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII. SPIE. 2016. 991430. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering). doi: 10.1117/12.2231747

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title = "Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole",

abstract = "BICEP3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the Bicep/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, BICEP3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for Bicep2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of Bicep3's differential beam mismatch - and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis - will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors.",

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note = "Funding Information: The Bicep3 project has been made possible through support from the National Science Foundation (grant Nos. 1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, and 0960243), the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the British Columbia Development Fund. The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and grants 06-ARPA206-0040 and 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA ARPA and SAT programs. The development and testing of focal planes were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech. The computations in these proceedings were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene Coyle, Kathy Deniston, Donna Hernandez, and Dana Volponi. We are grateful to Samuel Harrison and Hans Boenish as our 2015 and 2016 winterovers, respectively. We thank the staff of the US Antarctic Program and in particular the South Pole Station without whose help this research would not have been possible. We thank our Bicep1, Bicep2, Keck Array and Spider colleagues for useful discussions and shared expertise. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 SPIE.; Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII ; Conference date: 28-06-2016 Through 01-07-2016",

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AU - Ade, P. A.R.

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AU - Amiri, M.

AU - Barkats, D.

AU - Benton, S. J.

AU - Bischoff, C. A.

AU - Bock, J. J.

AU - Boenish, H.

AU - Bowens-Rubin, R.

AU - Buder, I.

AU - Bullock, E.

AU - Buza, V.

AU - Connors, J.

AU - Filippini, J. P.

AU - Fliescher, S. T.

AU - Grayson, J. A.

AU - Halpern, M.

AU - Harrison, S. A.

AU - Hilton, G. C.

AU - Hristov, V. V.

AU - Hui, H.

AU - Irwin, K. D.

AU - Kang, J. H.

AU - Karpel, E.

AU - Kefeli, S.

AU - Kernasovskiy, S. A.

AU - Kovac, J. M.

AU - Kuo, C. L.

AU - Leitch, E. M.

AU - Lueker, M.

AU - Megerian, K. G.

AU - Monticue, V.

AU - Namikawa, T.

AU - Netterfield, C. B.

AU - Nguyen, H. T.

AU - O'Brient, R.

AU - Ogburn, R. W.

AU - Pryke, C. L.

AU - Reintsema, C. D.

AU - Richter, S.

AU - St Germaine, M. T.

AU - Schwarz, R.

AU - Sheehy, C. D.

AU - Staniszewski, Z. K.

AU - Steinbach, B.

AU - Teply, G. P.

AU - Thompson, K. L.

AU - Tolan, J. E.

AU - Tucker, C.

AU - Turner, A. D.

AU - Vieregg, A. G.

AU - Wandui, A.

AU - Weber, A.

AU - Willmert, J.

AU - Wong, C. L.

AU - Wu, W. L.K.

AU - Yoon, K. W.

N1 - Funding Information: The Bicep3 project has been made possible through support from the National Science Foundation (grant Nos. 1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, and 0960243), the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the British Columbia Development Fund. The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and grants 06-ARPA206-0040 and 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA ARPA and SAT programs. The development and testing of focal planes were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech. The computations in these proceedings were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene Coyle, Kathy Deniston, Donna Hernandez, and Dana Volponi. We are grateful to Samuel Harrison and Hans Boenish as our 2015 and 2016 winterovers, respectively. We thank the staff of the US Antarctic Program and in particular the South Pole Station without whose help this research would not have been possible. We thank our Bicep1, Bicep2, Keck Array and Spider colleagues for useful discussions and shared expertise. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 SPIE.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - BICEP3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the Bicep/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, BICEP3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for Bicep2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of Bicep3's differential beam mismatch - and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis - will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors.

AB - BICEP3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the Bicep/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, BICEP3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for Bicep2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of Bicep3's differential beam mismatch - and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis - will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors.

KW - BICEP

KW - Cosmic microwave background

KW - Gravitational waves

KW - Inflation

KW - Polarization

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BT - Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII

A2 - Zmuidzinas, Jonas

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ER -

Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole

Abstract

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Keywords

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