Patchy distributions belie morphological and genetic homogeneity in rosy-finches

Sergei V. Drovetski; Robert M. Zink; Nicolle A. Mode

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.002

Patchy distributions belie morphological and genetic homogeneity in rosy-finches

Sergei V. Drovetski, Robert M. Zink, Nicolle A. Mode

Bell Museum of Natural History

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

DNA sequence data often appear to contradict low-level avian taxonomy, which is usually based on patterns of external phenotypic similarity. We examined such an apparent contradiction in the Nearctic rosy-finches. On the basis of several phenotypic characters the finches were divided into three species congeneric with three Asian species. When Nearctic taxa were analyzed in a principal components analysis, 66.9% of phenotypic variation was explained by differences between the Bering Sea and continental populations, sexual dimorphism and a latitudinal cline. Our phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial ND2 sequences revealed four clades among six species of rosy-finches. Three clades corresponded to three Asian species. The fourth clade included all three Nearctic species. Their haplotypes were not reciprocally monophyletic and the combined genetic variability of all Nearctic taxa was lower than in two of their Asian congeners. A Z-specific intron (ACO1I9) and an autosomal coding locus (MC1R) provided little additional phylogenetic information, most likely because of the longer coalescence times relative to ND2. Phylogeographic analyses of ND2 data revealed significant gene flow among neighboring localities regardless of their taxonomic assignment. Our analyses showed that DNA and phenotypic data are not in conflict, but rather complement each other, and together help clarify species limits. Our data are consistent with a single species in North America, not three.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	437-445
Number of pages	9
Journal	Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Volume	50
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.002
State	Published - Mar 2009

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Tissue samples for this study were provided by the University of Washington Burke Museum, the Museum of Natural History, Louisiana State University, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Anchorage Avian Collection, and the American Museum of Natural History. Five anonymous reviewers provided constructive criticism of the manuscript. We are grateful to all these institutions and individuals. This project was supported by the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, and NSF grant DEB 9707496 to RMZ. Appendix A

Keywords

Gene flow
Geographic cline
MtDNA
Nuclear DNA
Phylogeography
Rosy-finches
Species limits

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title = "Patchy distributions belie morphological and genetic homogeneity in rosy-finches",

abstract = "DNA sequence data often appear to contradict low-level avian taxonomy, which is usually based on patterns of external phenotypic similarity. We examined such an apparent contradiction in the Nearctic rosy-finches. On the basis of several phenotypic characters the finches were divided into three species congeneric with three Asian species. When Nearctic taxa were analyzed in a principal components analysis, 66.9% of phenotypic variation was explained by differences between the Bering Sea and continental populations, sexual dimorphism and a latitudinal cline. Our phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial ND2 sequences revealed four clades among six species of rosy-finches. Three clades corresponded to three Asian species. The fourth clade included all three Nearctic species. Their haplotypes were not reciprocally monophyletic and the combined genetic variability of all Nearctic taxa was lower than in two of their Asian congeners. A Z-specific intron (ACO1I9) and an autosomal coding locus (MC1R) provided little additional phylogenetic information, most likely because of the longer coalescence times relative to ND2. Phylogeographic analyses of ND2 data revealed significant gene flow among neighboring localities regardless of their taxonomic assignment. Our analyses showed that DNA and phenotypic data are not in conflict, but rather complement each other, and together help clarify species limits. Our data are consistent with a single species in North America, not three.",

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author = "Drovetski, {Sergei V.} and Zink, {Robert M.} and Mode, {Nicolle A.}",

note = "Funding Information: Tissue samples for this study were provided by the University of Washington Burke Museum, the Museum of Natural History, Louisiana State University, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Anchorage Avian Collection, and the American Museum of Natural History. Five anonymous reviewers provided constructive criticism of the manuscript. We are grateful to all these institutions and individuals. This project was supported by the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, and NSF grant DEB 9707496 to RMZ. Appendix A ",

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N2 - DNA sequence data often appear to contradict low-level avian taxonomy, which is usually based on patterns of external phenotypic similarity. We examined such an apparent contradiction in the Nearctic rosy-finches. On the basis of several phenotypic characters the finches were divided into three species congeneric with three Asian species. When Nearctic taxa were analyzed in a principal components analysis, 66.9% of phenotypic variation was explained by differences between the Bering Sea and continental populations, sexual dimorphism and a latitudinal cline. Our phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial ND2 sequences revealed four clades among six species of rosy-finches. Three clades corresponded to three Asian species. The fourth clade included all three Nearctic species. Their haplotypes were not reciprocally monophyletic and the combined genetic variability of all Nearctic taxa was lower than in two of their Asian congeners. A Z-specific intron (ACO1I9) and an autosomal coding locus (MC1R) provided little additional phylogenetic information, most likely because of the longer coalescence times relative to ND2. Phylogeographic analyses of ND2 data revealed significant gene flow among neighboring localities regardless of their taxonomic assignment. Our analyses showed that DNA and phenotypic data are not in conflict, but rather complement each other, and together help clarify species limits. Our data are consistent with a single species in North America, not three.

AB - DNA sequence data often appear to contradict low-level avian taxonomy, which is usually based on patterns of external phenotypic similarity. We examined such an apparent contradiction in the Nearctic rosy-finches. On the basis of several phenotypic characters the finches were divided into three species congeneric with three Asian species. When Nearctic taxa were analyzed in a principal components analysis, 66.9% of phenotypic variation was explained by differences between the Bering Sea and continental populations, sexual dimorphism and a latitudinal cline. Our phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial ND2 sequences revealed four clades among six species of rosy-finches. Three clades corresponded to three Asian species. The fourth clade included all three Nearctic species. Their haplotypes were not reciprocally monophyletic and the combined genetic variability of all Nearctic taxa was lower than in two of their Asian congeners. A Z-specific intron (ACO1I9) and an autosomal coding locus (MC1R) provided little additional phylogenetic information, most likely because of the longer coalescence times relative to ND2. Phylogeographic analyses of ND2 data revealed significant gene flow among neighboring localities regardless of their taxonomic assignment. Our analyses showed that DNA and phenotypic data are not in conflict, but rather complement each other, and together help clarify species limits. Our data are consistent with a single species in North America, not three.

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KW - Nuclear DNA

KW - Phylogeography

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Patchy distributions belie morphological and genetic homogeneity in rosy-finches

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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