Pepper photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency differ with variety, indigenous habitat, and species of origin

John Erwin; Tanveer Hussein; David J. Baumler

doi:10.21273/HORTSCI13871-19

Pepper photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency differ with variety, indigenous habitat, and species of origin

John Erwin, Tanveer Hussein, David J. Baumler

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Abstract

The instantaneous photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (g_S) were measured for 33 outdoor-grown Capsicum varieties (varying in species of origin and indigenous habitat) between 29 July and 22 Aug. 2017 using a portable gas exchange meter. Cuvette leaf temperature (T_leaf) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded at that same time. P_n differed from 3.6 to 3.7 for ‘Malawi Piquante’ and ‘Korean Long Green’ peppers to 16.3 mmol CO₂/m²/s (fixed) for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. The g_S differed from 0.01 to 0.05 among 13 varieties to 0.28 mmol H₂O/m²/s for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. E differed from 0.43 to 0.59 among three varieties to 4.14 to 4.20 mmol H₂O/m²/s for ‘CGN 22091’ and ‘Peruvian Purple’ peppers. Water use efficiency (WUE; P_n/E) varied from 2.92 to 3.43 among three varieties to 5.10 to 7.20 for 16 other varieties. C. annuum derived varieties had higher P_n (9.4 mmol CO₂/m²/s fixed) than varieties derived from other species (4.5–8.6 mmol CO₂/m²/s fixed). Varieties originating from dry climates had higher P_n (12.5 mmol CO₂/m²/s fixed) than those originating from temperate or tropical climates (8.0–8.8 mmol CO₂/m²/s fixed). T_leaf (27 to 33 8C) and RH (38% to 39% and 57% to 59%) differed among varieties. P_n was positively correlated with g_S, E, and RH and was negatively correlated with WUE. We found that Capsicum P_n, E, and g_S varied more than has been previously reported, and our data suggested that P_n, g_S, and E data of outdoor-grown peppers should be used only when selecting parents for a breeding program (unless progeny is intended for greenhouse production).

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1662-1666
Number of pages	5
Journal	HortScience
Volume	54
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI13871-19
State	Published - 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Received for publication 8 Jan. 2019. Accepted for publication 9 Jan. 2019. The authors acknowledge and appreciate the financial support of the IRSIP Program of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, the Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station, the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative administered by USDA-ARS, Society of Allied Florists American Floral Endowment (SAF/AFE), and the Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), and the Floriculture Research Alliance members who support University of Minnesota Research (Altman Plants, Rocket Farms, Green Circle Growers, and Smith Gardens). J.E. is the corresponding author. E-mail: erwin001@ umn.edu.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Capsicum
Humidity
Photosynthesis
Temperature

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@article{ef0b0f5e71bd4fab9c2a4e6f9bca0539,

title = "Pepper photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency differ with variety, indigenous habitat, and species of origin",

abstract = "The instantaneous photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gS) were measured for 33 outdoor-grown Capsicum varieties (varying in species of origin and indigenous habitat) between 29 July and 22 Aug. 2017 using a portable gas exchange meter. Cuvette leaf temperature (Tleaf) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded at that same time. Pn differed from 3.6 to 3.7 for {\textquoteleft}Malawi Piquante{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}Korean Long Green{\textquoteright} peppers to 16.3 mmol CO2/m2/s (fixed) for {\textquoteleft}Thai Hot{\textquoteright} peppers. The gS differed from 0.01 to 0.05 among 13 varieties to 0.28 mmol H2O/m2/s for {\textquoteleft}Thai Hot{\textquoteright} peppers. E differed from 0.43 to 0.59 among three varieties to 4.14 to 4.20 mmol H2O/m2/s for {\textquoteleft}CGN 22091{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}Peruvian Purple{\textquoteright} peppers. Water use efficiency (WUE; Pn/E) varied from 2.92 to 3.43 among three varieties to 5.10 to 7.20 for 16 other varieties. C. annuum derived varieties had higher Pn (9.4 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than varieties derived from other species (4.5–8.6 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Varieties originating from dry climates had higher Pn (12.5 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than those originating from temperate or tropical climates (8.0–8.8 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Tleaf (27 to 33 8C) and RH (38% to 39% and 57% to 59%) differed among varieties. Pn was positively correlated with gS, E, and RH and was negatively correlated with WUE. We found that Capsicum Pn, E, and gS varied more than has been previously reported, and our data suggested that Pn, gS, and E data of outdoor-grown peppers should be used only when selecting parents for a breeding program (unless progeny is intended for greenhouse production).",

keywords = "Capsicum, Humidity, Photosynthesis, Temperature",

author = "John Erwin and Tanveer Hussein and Baumler, {David J.}",

note = "Funding Information: Received for publication 8 Jan. 2019. Accepted for publication 9 Jan. 2019. The authors acknowledge and appreciate the financial support of the IRSIP Program of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, the Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station, the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative administered by USDA-ARS, Society of Allied Florists American Floral Endowment (SAF/AFE), and the Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), and the Floriculture Research Alliance members who support University of Minnesota Research (Altman Plants, Rocket Farms, Green Circle Growers, and Smith Gardens). J.E. is the corresponding author. E-mail: erwin001@ umn.edu. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.",

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AU - Erwin, John

AU - Hussein, Tanveer

AU - Baumler, David J.

N1 - Funding Information: Received for publication 8 Jan. 2019. Accepted for publication 9 Jan. 2019. The authors acknowledge and appreciate the financial support of the IRSIP Program of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, the Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station, the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative administered by USDA-ARS, Society of Allied Florists American Floral Endowment (SAF/AFE), and the Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), and the Floriculture Research Alliance members who support University of Minnesota Research (Altman Plants, Rocket Farms, Green Circle Growers, and Smith Gardens). J.E. is the corresponding author. E-mail: erwin001@ umn.edu. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - The instantaneous photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gS) were measured for 33 outdoor-grown Capsicum varieties (varying in species of origin and indigenous habitat) between 29 July and 22 Aug. 2017 using a portable gas exchange meter. Cuvette leaf temperature (Tleaf) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded at that same time. Pn differed from 3.6 to 3.7 for ‘Malawi Piquante’ and ‘Korean Long Green’ peppers to 16.3 mmol CO2/m2/s (fixed) for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. The gS differed from 0.01 to 0.05 among 13 varieties to 0.28 mmol H2O/m2/s for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. E differed from 0.43 to 0.59 among three varieties to 4.14 to 4.20 mmol H2O/m2/s for ‘CGN 22091’ and ‘Peruvian Purple’ peppers. Water use efficiency (WUE; Pn/E) varied from 2.92 to 3.43 among three varieties to 5.10 to 7.20 for 16 other varieties. C. annuum derived varieties had higher Pn (9.4 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than varieties derived from other species (4.5–8.6 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Varieties originating from dry climates had higher Pn (12.5 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than those originating from temperate or tropical climates (8.0–8.8 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Tleaf (27 to 33 8C) and RH (38% to 39% and 57% to 59%) differed among varieties. Pn was positively correlated with gS, E, and RH and was negatively correlated with WUE. We found that Capsicum Pn, E, and gS varied more than has been previously reported, and our data suggested that Pn, gS, and E data of outdoor-grown peppers should be used only when selecting parents for a breeding program (unless progeny is intended for greenhouse production).

AB - The instantaneous photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gS) were measured for 33 outdoor-grown Capsicum varieties (varying in species of origin and indigenous habitat) between 29 July and 22 Aug. 2017 using a portable gas exchange meter. Cuvette leaf temperature (Tleaf) and relative humidity (RH) were recorded at that same time. Pn differed from 3.6 to 3.7 for ‘Malawi Piquante’ and ‘Korean Long Green’ peppers to 16.3 mmol CO2/m2/s (fixed) for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. The gS differed from 0.01 to 0.05 among 13 varieties to 0.28 mmol H2O/m2/s for ‘Thai Hot’ peppers. E differed from 0.43 to 0.59 among three varieties to 4.14 to 4.20 mmol H2O/m2/s for ‘CGN 22091’ and ‘Peruvian Purple’ peppers. Water use efficiency (WUE; Pn/E) varied from 2.92 to 3.43 among three varieties to 5.10 to 7.20 for 16 other varieties. C. annuum derived varieties had higher Pn (9.4 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than varieties derived from other species (4.5–8.6 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Varieties originating from dry climates had higher Pn (12.5 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed) than those originating from temperate or tropical climates (8.0–8.8 mmol CO2/m2/s fixed). Tleaf (27 to 33 8C) and RH (38% to 39% and 57% to 59%) differed among varieties. Pn was positively correlated with gS, E, and RH and was negatively correlated with WUE. We found that Capsicum Pn, E, and gS varied more than has been previously reported, and our data suggested that Pn, gS, and E data of outdoor-grown peppers should be used only when selecting parents for a breeding program (unless progeny is intended for greenhouse production).

KW - Capsicum

KW - Humidity

KW - Photosynthesis

KW - Temperature

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JO - HortScience

JF - HortScience

IS - 10

ER -

Pepper photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency differ with variety, indigenous habitat, and species of origin

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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