Abstract
The primary objective of this work was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of systemic clofarabine (clo-fara) in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients receiving either nucleoside monotherapy or a dual nucleoside analog preparative regimen. Fifty-one children (median age, 4.9 years; range,.25 to 14.9 years) undergoing allogeneic HCT for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant disorders underwent PK assessment. Plasma samples were collected over the 4 to 5 days of clo-fara treatment and quantified for clo-fara, using a validated liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay. Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used to develop the population PK model, including identification of covariates that influenced drug disposition. In agreement with previously published models, a 2-compartment PK model with first-order elimination best described the PK of clo-fara. Final parameter estimates for clo-fara were consistent with previous reports and were as follows: clearance (CL), 23 L/h/15 kg; volume of the central compartment, 42 L/15 kg; volume of peripheral compartment, 47 L/15 kg; and intercompartmental CL, 9.8 L/h/15 kg. Unexplained variability was acceptable at 33%, and the additive residual error (reflective of the assay) was estimated to be 0.36 ng/mL. Patient-specific factors significantly impacting clo-fara CL included actual body weight and age. The covariate model was able to estimate clo-fara CL with good precision in children spanning a wide age range from infancy to early adulthood and demonstrates the need for variable dosing in children of different ages. For example, the dose required for a 6-month and 1-year old was approximately 43% and 17% lower, respectively, than the typical 40 mg/m2dose to achieve the median AUC0-24of 1.04 mg·h/L in the study population. Despite the known renal elimination of clo-fara, no significant clinical parameters for renal function were retained in the final model (P>.05). Coadministration of fludarabine with clo-fara did not alter the CL of clo-fara (P>.05). These results will help inform individualized dosing strategies for clo-fara to improve clinical outcomes and limit drug-related adverse events in children undergoing HCT.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1603-1610 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation |
Volume | 25 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Financial disclosure : This work was supported by the Thrasher Research Fund and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (UCSF-CTSI Grant KL2 TR000143, to J.L.B.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Keywords
- Allogeneic
- Clofarabine
- Fludarabine
- Hematopoietic cell transplantation
- Pediatric
- Pharmacokinetics