Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the associations of prepregnancy cardiorespiratory fitness, moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), and time spent watching television with subsequent development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Participants were 1333 women enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study who did not have diabetes either at baseline (1985-86) or before births occurring after baseline. Baseline fitness was estimated using a graded symptom-limited maximal exercise treadmill test and expressed in MET units. Baseline MVPA (exercise units per day) was measured using the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults physical activity history questionnaire, and television viewing (h·d-1) was assessed by self-report in 1990-1991. Logistic regression analysis was used to derive odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for time from baseline to delivery and baseline study center, age, race, education, parity, family history of diabetes, smoking, alcohol, saturated fat intake, waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and HDL cholesterol. Results Over 25 yr of follow-up, 164 women developed GDM. The odds of developing GDM were 21% lower for each 1 SD increment in baseline level of fitness (2.3 METs, odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval = 0.65-0.96). Prepregnancy MVPA and television viewing were not statistically associated with the development of GDM. Conclusion Study findings indicate that objectively assessed prepregnancy fitness, but not self-reported MVPA or television time, is associated with GDM. Clinicians should counsel women on the benefits of improving fitness in the preconception period, particularly among women at greater risk for GDM.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1613-1619 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Medicine and science in sports and exercise |
Volume | 50 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 1 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:1Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; 2Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA; 3Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; 5Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; 6Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 7Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; 8Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and 9Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the American College of Sports Medicine.
Keywords
- CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS
- PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
- SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR
- TELEVISION VIEWING