Rapid inactivation of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using an atmospheric pressure air plasma

Gaurav Nayak; Austin J. Andrews; Ian Marabella; Hamada A Aboubakr; Sagar M. Goyal; Bernard A. Olson; Montserrat Torremorell; Peter J. Bruggeman

doi:10.1002/ppap.201900269

Rapid inactivation of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using an atmospheric pressure air plasma

Gaurav Nayak, Austin J. Andrews, Ian Marabella, Hamada A Aboubakr, Sagar M. Goyal, Bernard A. Olson, Montserrat Torremorell, Peter J. Bruggeman

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Abstract

The transmission of airborne diseases in animals poses great risks to animal safety with potential significant economic losses. In this study, we report on the use of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) for in-flight inactivation of an airborne aerosolized porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. The infectivity of the sampled virus downstream compared to upstream of the DBD reactor as determined by the TCID₅₀ method showed a ∼3.5 log₁₀ reduction in the virus titer. Independent testing of the viral genome by the reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method confirmed the inactivation with minimal filtering effects. Both short-lived species such as (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) chemistry at low pH in the virus-laden droplets are suggested to be responsible for the observed inactivation.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	1900269
Journal	Plasma Processes and Polymers
Volume	17
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201900269
State	Published - Oct 1 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This material is based upon work supported by the University of Minnesota and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY 1903151. P. J. B. acknowledges Prof. Min Suk Cha for kindly providing the DBD electrode system. The authors thank My Yang for preparing and providing the PRRS virus strain. S. M. G. and H. A. A. acknowledge Tracy L. Otterson, PCR Lab of Minnesota VDL, for kindly providing the standard cDNA transcript of ORF6 of PRRS virus genome. G. N. gratefully acknowledges support from the Kermit and Ione Ebeltoft Interdisciplinary Doctoral Fellowship and the technical assistance of Ankit Moldgy and Wei Xiao. Kindly note that this paper was corrected on 26th March after original publication.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Keywords

airborne
dielectric barrier discharge
inactivation
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
reactive species

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title = "Rapid inactivation of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using an atmospheric pressure air plasma",

abstract = "The transmission of airborne diseases in animals poses great risks to animal safety with potential significant economic losses. In this study, we report on the use of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) for in-flight inactivation of an airborne aerosolized porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. The infectivity of the sampled virus downstream compared to upstream of the DBD reactor as determined by the TCID50 method showed a ∼3.5 log10 reduction in the virus titer. Independent testing of the viral genome by the reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method confirmed the inactivation with minimal filtering effects. Both short-lived species such as (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) chemistry at low pH in the virus-laden droplets are suggested to be responsible for the observed inactivation.",

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note = "Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the University of Minnesota and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY 1903151. P. J. B. acknowledges Prof. Min Suk Cha for kindly providing the DBD electrode system. The authors thank My Yang for preparing and providing the PRRS virus strain. S. M. G. and H. A. A. acknowledge Tracy L. Otterson, PCR Lab of Minnesota VDL, for kindly providing the standard cDNA transcript of ORF6 of PRRS virus genome. G. N. gratefully acknowledges support from the Kermit and Ione Ebeltoft Interdisciplinary Doctoral Fellowship and the technical assistance of Ankit Moldgy and Wei Xiao. Kindly note that this paper was corrected on 26th March after original publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",

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N2 - The transmission of airborne diseases in animals poses great risks to animal safety with potential significant economic losses. In this study, we report on the use of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) for in-flight inactivation of an airborne aerosolized porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. The infectivity of the sampled virus downstream compared to upstream of the DBD reactor as determined by the TCID50 method showed a ∼3.5 log10 reduction in the virus titer. Independent testing of the viral genome by the reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method confirmed the inactivation with minimal filtering effects. Both short-lived species such as (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) chemistry at low pH in the virus-laden droplets are suggested to be responsible for the observed inactivation.

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Rapid inactivation of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using an atmospheric pressure air plasma

Abstract

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Keywords

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