TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationships between the nicotine metabolite ratio and a panel of exposure and effect biomarkers
T2 - Findings from two studies of U.S. commercial cigarette smokers
AU - Carroll, Dana M.
AU - Murphy, Sharon E.
AU - Benowitz, Neal L.
AU - Strasser, Andrew A.
AU - Kotlyar, Michael
AU - Hecht, Stephen S.
AU - Carmella, Steve G.
AU - McClernon, Francis J.
AU - Pacek, Lauren R.
AU - Dermody, Sarah S.
AU - Vandrey, Ryan G.
AU - Donny, Eric C.
AU - Hatsukami, Dorothy K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Association for Cancer Research Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Background: We examined the nicotine metabolite ratio's (NMR) relationship with smoking intensity, nicotine dependence, and a broad array of biomarkers of exposure and biological effect in commercial cigarette smokers. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted on two crosssectional samples of adult, daily smokers from Wave 1 (2013- 2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco Use and Health (PATH) Study and baseline data from a 2014-2017 randomized clinical trial. Data were restricted to participants of non-Hispanic, white race. The lowest quartile of NMR (<0.26) in the nationally representative PATH Study was used to distinguish slow from normal/fast nicotine metabolizers.NMRwas modeled continuously in secondary analysis. Results: Compared with slow metabolizers, normal/fast metabolizers had greater cigarettes per day and higher levels of total nicotine equivalents, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, volatile organic componds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A novel finding was higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers among normal/fast metabolizers versus slow metabolizers. With NMR modeled as a continuous measure, the associations between NMR and biomarkers of inflammation were not significant. Conclusions: The results are suggestive that normal/fast nicotine metabolizers may be at increased risk for tobacco-related disease due to being heavier smokers, having higher exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens, and having higher levels of inflammation when compared with slow metabolizers. Impact: This is the first documentation that NMR is not only associated with smoking exposure but also biomarkers of biological effects that are integral in the development of tobacco-related disease. Results provide support for NMR as a biomarker for understanding a smoker's exposure and potential risk for tobacco- related disease.
AB - Background: We examined the nicotine metabolite ratio's (NMR) relationship with smoking intensity, nicotine dependence, and a broad array of biomarkers of exposure and biological effect in commercial cigarette smokers. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted on two crosssectional samples of adult, daily smokers from Wave 1 (2013- 2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco Use and Health (PATH) Study and baseline data from a 2014-2017 randomized clinical trial. Data were restricted to participants of non-Hispanic, white race. The lowest quartile of NMR (<0.26) in the nationally representative PATH Study was used to distinguish slow from normal/fast nicotine metabolizers.NMRwas modeled continuously in secondary analysis. Results: Compared with slow metabolizers, normal/fast metabolizers had greater cigarettes per day and higher levels of total nicotine equivalents, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, volatile organic componds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A novel finding was higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers among normal/fast metabolizers versus slow metabolizers. With NMR modeled as a continuous measure, the associations between NMR and biomarkers of inflammation were not significant. Conclusions: The results are suggestive that normal/fast nicotine metabolizers may be at increased risk for tobacco-related disease due to being heavier smokers, having higher exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens, and having higher levels of inflammation when compared with slow metabolizers. Impact: This is the first documentation that NMR is not only associated with smoking exposure but also biomarkers of biological effects that are integral in the development of tobacco-related disease. Results provide support for NMR as a biomarker for understanding a smoker's exposure and potential risk for tobacco- related disease.
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U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0644
DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0644
M3 - Article
C2 - 32051195
AN - SCOPUS:85082739184
SN - 1055-9965
VL - 29
SP - 871
EP - 879
JO - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
JF - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
IS - 4
ER -