Solving the multiple-offense paradox

This chapter examines the multiple-conviction paradox, in which punishments of people convicted of multiple offenses are often discounted if sentences are imposed at one time but enhanced if imposed at different times. A bulk discount characterizes sentencing for concurrent convictions. A recidivist premium attaches to successive convictions. The chapter first reviews empirical data to show that the multiple-conviction paradox is the central issue that normative accounts of punishment must adequately address. It then discusses efforts by theorists to justify the bulk discount before proposing a framework for addressing the multiple-offense paradox within just sentencing systems that integrates principled considerations with blameworthiness and crime prevention. This approach favors parsimonious and human capital–enhancing punishments.