Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan

Matt F. Simcik; Steven J. Eisenreich; Paul J. Lioy

doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00233-2

Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan

Matt F. Simcik, Steven J. Eisenreich, Paul J. Lioy

Environmental Health Sciences

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830 Scopus citations

Abstract

Multivariate statistical techniques were used to investigate source apportionment and source/sink relationships for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the urban and adjacent coastal atmosphere of Chicago/Lake Michigan in 1994-1995. The PAH signatures for the atmospheric particle phase, surface water particle phase and sediments indicate that atmospheric deposition is the major source of PAHs to the sediments and water column particulate phase of Lake Michigan. The PAH signature for the atmospheric gas phase and water dissolved phase indicate an intimate linkage between the lake and its overlying atmosphere. A modified factor analysis- multiple regression model was successfully applied to the source apportionment of atmospheric PAHs (gas+particle). Coal combustion accounted for 48 ± 5% of the ΣPAH concentration in both the urban and adjacent coastal atmosphere, natural gas combustion accounted for 26 ± 2%, coke ovens accounted for 14 ± 3%, and vehicle emissions (gas+diesel) accounted for 9 ± 4%. Each is an identified source category for the region. These results are consistent with the mix of fossil fuel combustion sources and ratios of indicator PAHs.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	5071-5079
Number of pages	9
Journal	Atmospheric Environment
Volume	33
Issue number	30
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00233-2
State	Published - Dec 1999

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The AEOLOS project was funded by the National Exposure Research Laboratory (RTP, NC) of the US Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement CR 822046-01 (A. Hoffman, Project Officer). The project received considerable ship-time and logistical support from the Great Lakes National Program of the US EPA in Chicago, IL. Special thanks are extended to A. Bandemehr and P. Horvatin for their support. We acknowledge J. Baker, J. Ondov, J. Offenberg and B. Turpin for many helpful discussions.

Keywords

Chicago
Combustion sources
Factor analysis
Lake Michigan
Multiple regression
PAHs
Source apportionment
Urban atmosphere

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title = "Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan",

abstract = "Multivariate statistical techniques were used to investigate source apportionment and source/sink relationships for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the urban and adjacent coastal atmosphere of Chicago/Lake Michigan in 1994-1995. The PAH signatures for the atmospheric particle phase, surface water particle phase and sediments indicate that atmospheric deposition is the major source of PAHs to the sediments and water column particulate phase of Lake Michigan. The PAH signature for the atmospheric gas phase and water dissolved phase indicate an intimate linkage between the lake and its overlying atmosphere. A modified factor analysis- multiple regression model was successfully applied to the source apportionment of atmospheric PAHs (gas+particle). Coal combustion accounted for 48 ± 5% of the ΣPAH concentration in both the urban and adjacent coastal atmosphere, natural gas combustion accounted for 26 ± 2%, coke ovens accounted for 14 ± 3%, and vehicle emissions (gas+diesel) accounted for 9 ± 4%. Each is an identified source category for the region. These results are consistent with the mix of fossil fuel combustion sources and ratios of indicator PAHs.",

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Source apportionment and source/sink relationships of PAHs in the coastal atmosphere of Chicago and Lake Michigan

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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