Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

R. M L D Rathnayake; Y. Song; A. Tumendelger; M. Oshiki; S. Ishii; H. Satoh; S. Toyoda; N. Yoshida; S. Okabe

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.055

Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

R. M L D Rathnayake, Y. Song, A. Tumendelger, M. Oshiki, S. Ishii, H. Satoh, S. Toyoda, N. Yoshida, S. Okabe

Soil, Water, and Climate

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Emission of nitrous oxide (N₂O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern since N₂O is a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance and an important greenhouse gas. The emission of N₂O from a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification (PN) treating synthetic wastewater without organic carbon was therefore determined in this study, because PN process is known to produce more N₂O than conventional nitrification processes. The average N₂O emission rate from the SBR was 0.32±0.17mg-NL^-1h^-1, corresponding to the average emission of N₂O of 0.8±0.4% of the incoming nitrogen load (1.5±0.8% of the converted NH₄⁺). Analysis of dynamic concentration profiles during one cycle of the SBR operation demonstrated that N₂O concentration in off-gas was the highest just after starting aeration whereas N₂O concentration in effluent was gradually increased in the initial 40min of the aeration period and was decreased thereafter. Isotopomer analysis was conducted to identify the main N₂O production pathway in the reactor during one cycle. The hydroxylamine (NH₂OH) oxidation pathway accounted for 65% of the total N₂O production in the initial phase during one cycle, whereas contribution of the NO₂^- reduction pathway to N₂O production was comparable with that of the NH₂OH oxidation pathway in the latter phase. In addition, spatial distributions of bacteria and their activities in single microbial granules taken from the reactor were determined with microsensors and by in situ hybridization. Partial nitrification occurred mainly in the oxic surface layer of the granules and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in this layer. N₂O production was also found mainly in the oxic surface layer. Based on these results, although N₂O was produced mainly via NH₂OH oxidation pathway in the autotrophic partial nitrification reactor, N₂O production mechanisms were complex and could involve multiple N₂O production pathways.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	7078-7086
Number of pages	9
Journal	Water Research
Volume	47
Issue number	19
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.055
State	Published - Dec 1 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported financially by the Core Research of Evolutional Science & Technology (CREST) for “Innovative Technology and System for Sustainable Water Use” from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) .

Keywords

Hydroxylamine
In situ hybridization
Isotopomer analysis
Microsensors
Nitrous oxide production pathway
Sequencing batch reactor

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title = "Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor",

abstract = "Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern since N2O is a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance and an important greenhouse gas. The emission of N2O from a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification (PN) treating synthetic wastewater without organic carbon was therefore determined in this study, because PN process is known to produce more N2O than conventional nitrification processes. The average N2O emission rate from the SBR was 0.32±0.17mg-NL-1h-1, corresponding to the average emission of N2O of 0.8±0.4% of the incoming nitrogen load (1.5±0.8% of the converted NH4+). Analysis of dynamic concentration profiles during one cycle of the SBR operation demonstrated that N2O concentration in off-gas was the highest just after starting aeration whereas N2O concentration in effluent was gradually increased in the initial 40min of the aeration period and was decreased thereafter. Isotopomer analysis was conducted to identify the main N2O production pathway in the reactor during one cycle. The hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation pathway accounted for 65% of the total N2O production in the initial phase during one cycle, whereas contribution of the NO2- reduction pathway to N2O production was comparable with that of the NH2OH oxidation pathway in the latter phase. In addition, spatial distributions of bacteria and their activities in single microbial granules taken from the reactor were determined with microsensors and by in situ hybridization. Partial nitrification occurred mainly in the oxic surface layer of the granules and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in this layer. N2O production was also found mainly in the oxic surface layer. Based on these results, although N2O was produced mainly via NH2OH oxidation pathway in the autotrophic partial nitrification reactor, N2O production mechanisms were complex and could involve multiple N2O production pathways.",

keywords = "Hydroxylamine, In situ hybridization, Isotopomer analysis, Microsensors, Nitrous oxide production pathway, Sequencing batch reactor",

author = "Rathnayake, {R. M L D} and Y. Song and A. Tumendelger and M. Oshiki and S. Ishii and H. Satoh and S. Toyoda and N. Yoshida and S. Okabe",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported financially by the Core Research of Evolutional Science & Technology (CREST) for “Innovative Technology and System for Sustainable Water Use” from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) . ",

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AU - Rathnayake, R. M L D

AU - Song, Y.

AU - Tumendelger, A.

AU - Oshiki, M.

AU - Ishii, S.

AU - Satoh, H.

AU - Toyoda, S.

AU - Yoshida, N.

AU - Okabe, S.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported financially by the Core Research of Evolutional Science & Technology (CREST) for “Innovative Technology and System for Sustainable Water Use” from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) .

PY - 2013/12/1

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N2 - Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern since N2O is a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance and an important greenhouse gas. The emission of N2O from a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification (PN) treating synthetic wastewater without organic carbon was therefore determined in this study, because PN process is known to produce more N2O than conventional nitrification processes. The average N2O emission rate from the SBR was 0.32±0.17mg-NL-1h-1, corresponding to the average emission of N2O of 0.8±0.4% of the incoming nitrogen load (1.5±0.8% of the converted NH4+). Analysis of dynamic concentration profiles during one cycle of the SBR operation demonstrated that N2O concentration in off-gas was the highest just after starting aeration whereas N2O concentration in effluent was gradually increased in the initial 40min of the aeration period and was decreased thereafter. Isotopomer analysis was conducted to identify the main N2O production pathway in the reactor during one cycle. The hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation pathway accounted for 65% of the total N2O production in the initial phase during one cycle, whereas contribution of the NO2- reduction pathway to N2O production was comparable with that of the NH2OH oxidation pathway in the latter phase. In addition, spatial distributions of bacteria and their activities in single microbial granules taken from the reactor were determined with microsensors and by in situ hybridization. Partial nitrification occurred mainly in the oxic surface layer of the granules and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in this layer. N2O production was also found mainly in the oxic surface layer. Based on these results, although N2O was produced mainly via NH2OH oxidation pathway in the autotrophic partial nitrification reactor, N2O production mechanisms were complex and could involve multiple N2O production pathways.

AB - Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern since N2O is a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance and an important greenhouse gas. The emission of N2O from a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification (PN) treating synthetic wastewater without organic carbon was therefore determined in this study, because PN process is known to produce more N2O than conventional nitrification processes. The average N2O emission rate from the SBR was 0.32±0.17mg-NL-1h-1, corresponding to the average emission of N2O of 0.8±0.4% of the incoming nitrogen load (1.5±0.8% of the converted NH4+). Analysis of dynamic concentration profiles during one cycle of the SBR operation demonstrated that N2O concentration in off-gas was the highest just after starting aeration whereas N2O concentration in effluent was gradually increased in the initial 40min of the aeration period and was decreased thereafter. Isotopomer analysis was conducted to identify the main N2O production pathway in the reactor during one cycle. The hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation pathway accounted for 65% of the total N2O production in the initial phase during one cycle, whereas contribution of the NO2- reduction pathway to N2O production was comparable with that of the NH2OH oxidation pathway in the latter phase. In addition, spatial distributions of bacteria and their activities in single microbial granules taken from the reactor were determined with microsensors and by in situ hybridization. Partial nitrification occurred mainly in the oxic surface layer of the granules and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in this layer. N2O production was also found mainly in the oxic surface layer. Based on these results, although N2O was produced mainly via NH2OH oxidation pathway in the autotrophic partial nitrification reactor, N2O production mechanisms were complex and could involve multiple N2O production pathways.

KW - Hydroxylamine

KW - In situ hybridization

KW - Isotopomer analysis

KW - Microsensors

KW - Nitrous oxide production pathway

KW - Sequencing batch reactor

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Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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